Name: Characters of the Mahabharata: a SKOS concept scheme
Creator: Tanay Aggarwal
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

Abstract

A SKOS concept scheme of the characters of the Mahabharata, the Sanskrit epic of the dynastic war between the Pandavas and the Kauravas for the throne of Hastinapura. Each character is a skos:Concept placed under the lineage, royal house, order or class of being the epic gives it. Collections gather characters across that hierarchy: the two sides of the war, birth order, the survivors, the narrative frame. Kinship and narrative relations between characters use sub-properties of skos:related from the companion schema. Labels are given in English, in Sanskrit in Devanagari (sa-Deva) and in IAST transliteration (sa-Latn). Epithets and patronymics are alternative labels; common spellings are hidden labels. Every character with an English Wikipedia article is mapped to its Wikidata item and DBpedia resource.

Status of this document

This document is the specification of version 1.0.0 of the concept scheme Characters of the Mahabharata. It is generated from the data file mahabharata_characters.ttl by scripts/render_site.py, and every count, list and entry in it is computed from that file; the data is normative and this document describes it. The data was last modified on 9 November 2026.

The layout follows W3C vocabulary specifications such as [PROV-O]. This is not a W3C publication.

The terms and IRIs of version 1 are stable: a change that removes or renames a term raises the major version. Changes are recorded in Changes and in the repository's CHANGELOG.md. Corrections and additions are welcome through the issue tracker of the repository; CONTRIBUTING.md in the repository has the template for a new character and the conventions.

1. Introduction

The Mahabharata is the Sanskrit epic of the dynastic war between the Pandavas and the Kauravas for the throne of Hastinapura. This scheme is a knowledge organisation system for its characters: the people, gods and other beings who act or are named in it. It is written in SKOS [SKOS-REFERENCE] and published as RDF 1.1 Turtle [TURTLE].

Every character is a skos:Concept placed under the lineage, royal house, order or class of being the epic gives it. Kinship and narrative ties between characters (parent, spouse, teacher, killer, charioteer, rebirth, curse) are sub-properties of skos:related, declared in a small extension schema. Labels are given in English, in Sanskrit in Devanagari script and in IAST transliteration, with epithets as alternative labels and common spellings as hidden labels. Every character with an English Wikipedia article is mapped to its Wikidata item and DBpedia resource. A SHACL [SHACL] shapes file states the SKOS integrity conditions and the conventions of the scheme.

The content follows the Wikipedia article Mahabharata [WIKIPEDIA] and the character articles it links to. The scheme holds 111 characters under 37 groupings, with 11 collections that cut across the hierarchy.

1.1 Scope and sources

The scheme covers the characters named in the synopsis of the Wikipedia article and the principal figures of the Kurukshetra war: 111 characters. The epic names many hundreds more (the Kauravas alone are a hundred brothers); the Wikipedia list of characters [WIKIPEDIA-LIST] is the natural source for additions. In scope are the characters of the Mahabharata proper, including its frame story and the deities who act in it. Out of scope are characters who appear only in the Ramopakhyana retelling of the Ramayana, and figures from regional retellings.

Parentage, deaths and the days on which warriors fell follow the Wikipedia articles, which follow the Critical Edition of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute and note the variants. Where recensions differ, the commonly cited reading is used. Devanagari and IAST forms follow standard dictionary practice. The descriptions paraphrase the articles, which are published under CC BY-SA 4.0; the same licence applies to the scheme (Sources, licence and citation).

1.2 Namespaces

This document and the data use the following prefixes. The first four namespaces belong to the scheme and resolve to this document (How to read this document); the others are the vocabularies it reuses.

Prefix	Namespace IRI	Used for
`mb:`	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/	the concept scheme and the extension schema
`mbh:`	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#	concepts and collections of the scheme
`mbhx:`	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#	classes and properties of the extension schema
`mbsh:`	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/shapes#	the SHACL shapes
`skos:`	http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#	SKOS [SKOS-REFERENCE]
`rdf:`	http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#	RDF [RDF11-CONCEPTS]
`rdfs:`	http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#	RDF Schema [RDF-SCHEMA]
`owl:`	http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#	OWL 2 [OWL2-OVERVIEW]
`xsd:`	http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#	XML Schema datatypes [XMLSCHEMA11-2]
`dcterms:`	http://purl.org/dc/terms/	Dublin Core terms [DCTERMS]
`foaf:`	http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/	FOAF [FOAF]
`sh:`	http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl#	SHACL [SHACL]
`wd:`	http://www.wikidata.org/entity/	Wikidata entities [WIKIDATA]
`dbr:`	http://dbpedia.org/resource/	DBpedia resources [DBPEDIA]
`wp:`	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/	articles of the English Wikipedia [WIKIPEDIA]

1.3 How to read this document

The sections up to Collections describe the scheme; the cross-reference sections hold one entry per term. An entry is a table headed by the kind of term, its English label and its prefixed name. The colour of the band says what kind of term it is:

Scheme
Class
Property
Grouping
Character
Collection
Shape

Names. Terms are written with the prefixes of the namespace table: mbh:arjuna is the concept Arjuna, mbhx:childOf a property of the schema. Every prefixed name in this document links to the entry of its term; a term of another vocabulary links to its own IRI.

IRIs resolve here. The IRI of a term is the first row of its entry. The scheme uses hash IRIs built on three namespace documents served beside this page: /characters for concepts and collections, /schema for classes and properties and /shapes for the SHACL shapes. Each lists its terms and forwards a browser to the entry here that the fragment names, so https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#arjuna opens the entry for Arjuna. The site does not negotiate content: the Turtle is at fixed addresses (Access and use).

Relations are stated once. The data writes each relation in the direction its property names: mbhx:childOf on the child, mbhx:killedBy on the one killed, mbhx:studentOf on the student. An entry shows those statements under the label of the property, and the other direction under the label of the declared inverse (parent of, killed, teacher of), marked inferred, computed from the statements in the data. Symmetric relations (spouse of, sibling of, friend of, rival of) are stated once per pair and shown on both.

Languages. Labels carry language tags [BCP47]: en English, sa-Deva Sanskrit in Devanagari script, sa-Latn Sanskrit in IAST transliteration.

Counts. Every number in this document is computed from the data when the page is generated. The count after a grouping is the number of characters placed under it or under its narrower groupings; a character under two groupings is counted under both.

2. The scheme at a glance

Figure 1. The model. Boxes are classes, arrows are properties with the number of statements in the data; a box links to its entry. Groupings form the hierarchy and characters hang from them; kinship and narrative relations connect characters to each other; collections cut across the hierarchy; mappings anchor concepts outside the scheme.

The scheme has two kinds of concept. A mbhx:Character is a person, deity or other being that acts or is named in the epic. A mbhx:Grouping is a lineage, generation, royal house, order or class of being under which characters are placed. Both are subclasses of skos:Concept, and they are disjoint.

skos:broader runs from a character to its groupings and from a grouping to a wider grouping. A character is never broader than another character: the hierarchy is a classification, not a genealogy. Family ties are expressed as relations instead, so skos:broader+ always means belongs to and mbhx:childOf+ always means descends from.

2.1 Classes

The two classes of the extension schema and the SKOS classes the scheme instantiates.

Class	Instances	Meaning
`mbhx:Character`	111	A person, deity or other being that acts or is named in the Mahabharata.
`mbhx:Grouping`	37	A lineage, generation, royal house, order or class of being under which characters are placed in the hierarchy.
`skos:ConceptScheme`	1	The scheme itself, `mb:characters`.
`skos:Collection`	8	Cross-cutting groups of characters (Collections).
`skos:OrderedCollection`	3	Groups whose order carries meaning: birth order, the sequence of commanders.

2.2 Properties

Relations between characters are sub-properties of skos:related, declared in the extension schema (mb:schema). Specialising SKOS this way is the pattern of the SKOS Primer, section 4.7 [SKOS-PRIMER]: every mbhx:killedBy statement is also a skos:related statement for a tool that knows only SKOS, and a tool that knows the schema gets the finer meaning. Each relation is stated once, in the direction the property names; the inverse is declared with owl:inverseOf and left to inference. One datatype property records the day of the Kurukshetra war on which a character fell.

Property	Inverse or range	Stated	Meaning
`mbhx:childOf`	`mbhx:parentOf`	82	The subject is a child of the object, as the epic states parentage.
`mbhx:killedBy`	`mbhx:killed`	45	The object struck the blow that killed the subject, or in Bhishma's case the blow that brought him down.
`mbhx:spouseOf`	symmetric	21	The subject and the object are married.
`mbhx:studentOf`	`mbhx:teacherOf`	19	The object taught the subject, in arms or in learning.
`mbhx:siblingOf`	symmetric	11	The subject and the object share a parent.
`mbhx:charioteerOf`	`mbhx:hasCharioteer`	5	The subject drove the object's chariot.
`mbhx:rivalOf`	symmetric	5	A personal enmity the epic treats as a defining bond.
`mbhx:cursed`	`mbhx:cursedBy`	4	The subject pronounced a curse on the object that takes effect in the story.
`mbhx:avatarOf`	`mbhx:hasAvatar`	3	The subject is an incarnation of the deity named by the object.
`mbhx:fosterChildOf`	`mbhx:fosterParentOf`	3	The subject was raised by the object without being born to them.
`mbhx:friendOf`	symmetric	3	A friendship the epic treats as a defining bond.
`mbhx:rebirthOf`	`mbhx:rebornAs`	1	The subject is the object born again in a later life.
`mbhx:fellOnWarDay`	range `xsd:integer`, 1 to 18	35	The day of the eighteen-day Kurukshetra war on which the character was struck down. Bhishma falls on day 10 and dies after the war; the night raid after day 18 is counted as day 18.

2.3 Labels

Property	Languages	Holds
`skos:prefLabel`	en, sa-Deva, sa-Latn	One name per language. English labels are unique across the scheme. Sanskrit uses the dictionary stem (Aśvatthāman, Bhūriśravas); the familiar nominative (Aśvatthāmā) is an alternative label.
`skos:altLabel`	en, sa-Deva, sa-Latn	Epithets, patronymics and matronymics (Partha, Radheya, Saubala), and the names taken in disguise at Virata's court (Brihannala, Kanka, Sairandhri).
`skos:hiddenLabel`	en	Common English spellings for search (Bheem, Dhritrashtra, Yudhisthir). Not meant for display.

Bhishma, for example:

Label	Values
Preferred	enBhishma sa-Devaभीष्म sa-LatnBhīṣma
Alternative	enDevavrata, Gangaputra, Gangeya, Pitamaha, Shantanava sa-Devaदेवव्रत sa-LatnDevavrata, Gāṅgeya
Hidden	enBheeshma, Bhishm

Characters who share a name are told apart in the label itself: Chitrangada (son of Shantanu) and Chitrangada (princess of Manipura); Uttara (prince of Matsya) and Uttara (princess of Matsya); Radha (foster mother of Karna). Each carries a skos:scopeNote pointing to the other.

2.4 Vocabulary used

Every property that occurs in the data, with the number of statements that use it (2,569 statements in all). rdf:first and rdf:rest build the member lists of the ordered collections.

Property	Statements
`skos:prefLabel`	433
`rdf:type`	337
`skos:altLabel`	257
`skos:exactMatch`	203
`skos:definition`	175
`skos:inScheme`	159
`skos:broader`	155
`skos:hiddenLabel`	139
`foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf`	100
`skos:member`	98
`mbhx:childOf`	82
`mbhx:killedBy`	45
`skos:closeMatch`	44
`rdfs:seeAlso`	40
`skos:note`	36
`mbhx:fellOnWarDay`	35
`rdfs:label`	24
`mbhx:spouseOf`	21
`rdfs:subPropertyOf`	21
`skos:scopeNote`	21
`mbhx:studentOf`	19
`owl:inverseOf`	16
`rdf:first`	15
`rdf:rest`	15
`mbhx:siblingOf`	11
`skos:hasTopConcept`	8
`skos:topConceptOf`	8
`mbhx:charioteerOf`	5
`mbhx:rivalOf`	5
`mbhx:cursed`	4
`mbhx:avatarOf`	3
`mbhx:fosterChildOf`	3
`mbhx:friendOf`	3
`skos:memberList`	3
`dcterms:language`	2
`dcterms:source`	2
`dcterms:title`	2
`owl:versionInfo`	2
`rdfs:comment`	2
`rdfs:domain`	2
`rdfs:range`	2
`rdfs:subClassOf`	2
`dcterms:conformsTo`	1
`dcterms:created`	1
`dcterms:description`	1
`dcterms:license`	1
`dcterms:modified`	1
`foaf:homepage`	1
`mbhx:rebirthOf`	1
`owl:disjointWith`	1
`skos:editorialNote`	1
`skos:related`	1

2.5 Counts

Measure	Value
Triples	2,569
Characters (`mbhx:Character`)	111
Groupings (`mbhx:Grouping`)	37, of which 8 top concepts
Collections	11, of which 3 ordered
Preferred labels	433 (en 159 · sa-Deva 137 · sa-Latn 137)
Alternative labels (epithets, patronymics, names in disguise)	257
Hidden labels (spelling variants)	139
Relations between characters	202 statements over 12 properties
Characters with a day of the war on which they fell	35
Characters under more than one grouping	15: Ambalika, Ambika, Babruvahana, Bahlika, Chitrangada (princess of Manipura), Draupadi, Gandhari, Ghatotkacha, Hidimbi, Karna, Krishna, Kunti, Madri, Subhadra, Ulupi
Characters mapped to Wikidata	102 of 111
Characters linked to their Wikipedia article	96 of 111

Characters without a Wikidata item of their own, linked to the Wikipedia list article instead: Alambusha, Durmasena, Prativindhya, Radha (foster mother of Karna), Shatanika, Shrutakarma, Shrutasena, Somadatta, Sutasoma.

3. The hierarchy

The 8 top concepts of the scheme, with the number of characters each one covers.

Top concept	Sanskrit	Covers	Characters
House of Kuru	Kuruvaṁśa	The royal lineage of Hastinapura descended from King Kuru, to which both the Pandavas and the Kauravas belong.	42
Yadavas	Yādava	The clan of Krishna, descended from Yadu, including the Vrishni, Andhaka and Bhoja branches, with their capital at Dwaraka.	8
Royal house of Panchala	Pāñcāla	The royal family of the Panchala kingdom under Drupada, allied by marriage to the Pandavas through Draupadi.	6
Other royal houses		Royal families of kingdoms other than Kuru, Yadava and Panchala whose members act in the epic, grouped by kingdom.	29
Brahmins and sages		Brahmin characters: the sages who compose, narrate and intervene in the story, and the Brahmin warriors who teach arms to the Kuru princes.	13
Sutas	Sūta	Members of the suta class of charioteers and bards: the epic's reciter Ugrashravas, Dhritarashtra's narrator Sanjaya, and Karna's foster family.	5
Deities and celestial beings	Deva	Gods, goddesses and celestial beings who father, marry, test, arm or curse the human characters.	13
Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras		Non-human peoples of the epic other than the gods: the rakshasas the Pandavas fight and marry, the serpent Nagas, and the asura architect Maya.	10

The character column sums to 126 for 111 characters because 15 placements are second placements of characters that belong to two groupings.

Every concept in its place under skos:broader. Groupings are in bold with the number of characters below them; characters show their Devanagari and IAST labels. A character that belongs to two groupings is listed under both, with a pointer to the other.

House of Kuru Kuruvaṁśa 42
- House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu 8
  - Shantanu शान्तनु · Śāntanu
  - Bahlika बाह्लीक · Bāhlīka also under Royal house of Bahlika
  - Satyavati सत्यवती · Satyavatī
  - Bhishma भीष्म · Bhīṣma
  - Chitrangada (son of Shantanu) चित्राङ्गद · Citrāṅgada
  - Vichitravirya विचित्रवीर्य · Vicitravīrya
  - Ambika अम्बिका · Ambikā also under Royal house of Kashi
  - Ambalika अम्बालिका · Ambālikā also under Royal house of Kashi
- House of Kuru: generation of Pandu 6
  - Dhritarashtra धृतराष्ट्र · Dhṛtarāṣṭra
  - Gandhari गान्धारी · Gāndhārī also under Royal house of Gandhara
  - Pandu पाण्डु · Pāṇḍu
  - Kunti कुन्ती · Kuntī also under Yadavas
  - Madri माद्री · Mādrī also under Royal house of Madra
  - Vidura विदुर · Vidura
- Pandavas Pāṇḍava 5
  - Yudhishthira युधिष्ठिर · Yudhiṣṭhira
  - Bhima भीम · Bhīma
  - Arjuna अर्जुन · Arjuna
  - Nakula नकुल · Nakula
  - Sahadeva सहदेव · Sahadeva
- Kauravas Kaurava 5
  - Duryodhana दुर्योधन · Duryodhana
  - Dushasana दुःशासन · Duḥśāsana
  - Vikarna विकर्ण · Vikarṇa
  - Yuyutsu युयुत्सु · Yuyutsu
  - Dussala दुःशला · Duḥśalā
- Consorts of the Pandavas 5
  - Draupadi द्रौपदी · Draupadī also under Royal house of Panchala
  - Hidimbi हिडिम्बा · Hiḍimbā also under Rakshasas
  - Ulupi उलूपी · Ulūpī also under Nagas
  - Chitrangada (princess of Manipura) चित्राङ्गदा · Citrāṅgadā also under Royal house of Manipura
  - Subhadra सुभद्रा · Subhadrā also under Yadavas
- Children of the Pandavas 9
  - Upapandavas Upapāṇḍava 5
    - Prativindhya प्रतिविन्ध्य · Prativindhya
    - Sutasoma सुतसोम · Sutasoma
    - Shrutakarma श्रुतकर्मन् · Śrutakarman
    - Shatanika शतानीक · Śatānīka
    - Shrutasena श्रुतसेन · Śrutasena
  - Abhimanyu अभिमन्यु · Abhimanyu
  - Ghatotkacha घटोत्कच · Ghaṭotkaca also under Rakshasas
  - Iravan इरावत् · Irāvat
  - Babruvahana बभ्रुवाहन · Babhruvāhana also under Royal house of Manipura
- Children of the Kauravas 2
  - Lakshmana Kumara लक्ष्मण कुमार · Lakṣmaṇa Kumāra
  - Durmasena
- House of Kuru: kings after the war 2
  - Parikshit परीक्षित् · Parīkṣit
  - Janamejaya जनमेजय · Janamejaya
Yadavas Yādava 8
- Kunti कुन्ती · Kuntī also under House of Kuru: generation of Pandu
- Subhadra सुभद्रा · Subhadrā also under Consorts of the Pandavas
- Krishna कृष्ण · Kṛṣṇa also under Deities and celestial beings
- Balarama बलराम · Balarāma
- Vasudeva वसुदेव · Vasudeva
- Satyaki सात्यकि · Sātyaki
- Kritavarma कृतवर्मन् · Kṛtavarman
- Kuntibhoja कुन्तिभोज · Kuntibhoja
Royal house of Panchala Pāñcāla 6
- Draupadi द्रौपदी · Draupadī also under Consorts of the Pandavas
- Drupada द्रुपद · Drupada
- Dhrishtadyumna धृष्टद्युम्न · Dhṛṣṭadyumna
- Shikhandi शिखण्डिन् · Śikhaṇḍin
- Yudhamanyu युधामन्यु · Yudhāmanyu
- Uttamaujas उत्तमौजस् · Uttamaujas
Other royal houses 29
- Royal house of Matsya Matsya 5
  - Virata विराट · Virāṭa
  - Sudeshna सुदेष्णा · Sudeṣṇā
  - Kichaka कीचक · Kīcaka
  - Uttara (prince of Matsya) उत्तर · Uttara
  - Uttara (princess of Matsya) उत्तरा · Uttarā
- Royal house of Madra Madra 2
  - Madri माद्री · Mādrī also under House of Kuru: generation of Pandu
  - Shalya शल्य · Śalya
- Royal house of Gandhara Gāndhāra 3
  - Gandhari गान्धारी · Gāndhārī also under House of Kuru: generation of Pandu
  - Shakuni शकुनि · Śakuni
  - Uluka उलूक · Ulūka
- Royal house of Anga Aṅga 2
  - Karna कर्ण · Karṇa also under Sutas
  - Vrishasena वृषसेन · Vṛṣasena
- Royal house of Kashi Kāśī 3
  - Ambika अम्बिका · Ambikā also under House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu
  - Ambalika अम्बालिका · Ambālikā also under House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu
  - Amba अम्बा · Ambā
- Royal house of Sindhu Sindhu 1
  - Jayadratha जयद्रथ · Jayadratha
- Royal house of Magadha Magadha 1
  - Jarasandha जरासन्ध · Jarāsandha
- Royal house of Chedi Cedi 2
  - Shishupala शिशुपाल · Śiśupāla
  - Dhrishtaketu धृष्टकेतु · Dhṛṣṭaketu
- Royal house of Pragjyotisha Prāgjyotiṣa 1
  - Bhagadatta भगदत्त · Bhagadatta
- Royal house of Trigarta Trigarta 1
  - Susharma सुशर्मन् · Suśarman
- Royal house of Kamboja Kamboja 1
  - Sudakshina सुदक्षिण · Sudakṣiṇa
- Royal house of Bahlika Bāhlīka 3
  - Bahlika बाह्लीक · Bāhlīka also under House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu
  - Somadatta सोमदत्त · Somadatta
  - Bhurishravas भूरिश्रवस् · Bhūriśravas
- Royal house of the Nishadas Niṣāda 1
  - Ekalavya एकलव्य · Ekalavya
- Royal house of Vidarbha Vidarbha 1
  - Rukmi रुक्मिन् · Rukmin
- Royal house of Manipura Maṇipura 2
  - Chitrangada (princess of Manipura) चित्राङ्गदा · Citrāṅgadā also under Consorts of the Pandavas
  - Babruvahana बभ्रुवाहन · Babhruvāhana also under Children of the Pandavas
Brahmins and sages 13
- Sages Ṛṣi 9
  - Vyasa व्यास · Vyāsa
  - Parashurama परशुराम · Paraśurāma
  - Narada नारद · Nārada
  - Durvasa दुर्वासस् · Durvāsas
  - Markandeya मार्कण्डेय · Mārkaṇḍeya
  - Dhaumya धौम्य · Dhaumya
  - Vaishampayana वैशम्पायन · Vaiśampāyana
  - Shaunaka शौनक · Śaunaka
  - Astika आस्तीक · Āstīka
- Brahmin warriors of the Kuru court 4
  - Drona द्रोण · Droṇa
  - Kripa कृप · Kṛpa
  - Kripi कृपी · Kṛpī
  - Ashwatthama अश्वत्थामन् · Aśvatthāman
Sutas Sūta 5
- Karna कर्ण · Karṇa also under Royal house of Anga
- Sanjaya सञ्जय · Sañjaya
- Ugrashravas उग्रश्रवस् · Ugraśravas
- Adhiratha अधिरथ · Adhiratha
- Radha (foster mother of Karna) राधा · Rādhā
Deities and celestial beings Deva 13
- Krishna कृष्ण · Kṛṣṇa also under Yadavas
- Vishnu विष्णु · Viṣṇu
- Shiva शिव · Śiva
- Indra इन्द्र · Indra
- Surya सूर्य · Sūrya
- Vayu वायु · Vāyu
- Dharma धर्म · Dharma
- Ashvins अश्विनौ · Aśvinau
- Agni अग्नि · Agni
- Ganga गङ्गा · Gaṅgā
- Ganesha गणेश · Gaṇeśa
- Hanuman हनुमत् · Hanumat
- Urvashi उर्वशी · Urvaśī
Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras 10
- Rakshasas Rākṣasa 7
  - Hidimbi हिडिम्बा · Hiḍimbā also under Consorts of the Pandavas
  - Ghatotkacha घटोत्कच · Ghaṭotkaca also under Children of the Pandavas
  - Hidimba हिडिम्ब · Hiḍimba
  - Bakasura बकासुर · Bakāsura
  - Kirmira किर्मीर · Kirmīra
  - Jatasura जटासुर · Jaṭāsura
  - Alambusha अलम्बुष · Alambuṣa
- Nagas Nāga 2
  - Ulupi उलूपी · Ulūpī also under Consorts of the Pandavas
  - Takshaka तक्षक · Takṣaka
- Asuras and Danavas Asura 1
  - Maya मय · Maya

4. Collections

Collections gather characters across the hierarchy. An ordered collection is used where the order carries meaning; it states both skos:memberList and skos:member, so that a consumer without SKOS inference still sees the membership. Each collection has an entry in Cross-reference for collections.

Collection	Kind	Members	Definition
The five Pandavas in order of birth	ordered	5	Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadeva, eldest first. The twins Nakula and Sahadeva are born together; the epic names Nakula first.
The sons of Draupadi in the order of their fathers' birth	ordered	5	Prativindhya (by Yudhishthira), Sutasoma (Bhima), Shrutakarma (Arjuna), Shatanika (Nakula) and Shrutasena (Sahadeva).
Commanders-in-chief of the Kaurava army, in sequence	ordered	5	Bhishma (days 1 to 10), Drona (days 11 to 15), Karna (days 16 and 17), Shalya (day 18) and Ashwatthama (the night after day 18). Dhrishtadyumna commanded the Pandava army throughout.
Children of Kunti		4	Kunti's four sons: Karna, born before her marriage and raised by others, and the three elder Pandavas. Karna learns of the kinship only from Krishna and Kunti before the war.
Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side		24	Characters in this scheme who took the field for the Pandavas, and Krishna, who served as Arjuna's charioteer without fighting.
Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side		23	Characters in this scheme who took the field for Duryodhana.
Warriors who took no part in the war		2	Balarama, who left on pilgrimage rather than fight his students on both sides, and Rukmi, whom both sides refused.
Survivors of the Kurukshetra war		11	The combatants alive at the end of the eighteen days, as the Wikipedia synopsis lists them: the five Pandavas, Satyaki, Kripa, Ashwatthama, Kritavarma, Yuyutsu and Krishna.
The narrative frame of the Mahabharata		8	The tellers and hearers through whom the epic reaches the reader. Outer frame: the bard Ugrashravas recites to Shaunaka and the sages of the Naimisha forest. Inner frame: Vaishampayana recites to Janamejaya at the snake sacrifice. Composition: Vyasa, with Ganesha as scribe in one tradition. Within the story: Sanjaya narrates the war to Dhritarashtra.
Immortals (chiranjivis) among the characters		5	Characters in this scheme whom Hindu tradition counts among the seven immortals: Ashwatthama, Kripa, Vyasa, Parashurama and Hanuman.
The disguises at Virata's court		6	The six who spent the thirteenth year of exile at the court of Matsya under assumed names: Yudhishthira as the courtier Kanka, Bhima as the cook Vallabha, Arjuna as the dance teacher Brihannala, Nakula as the horse keeper Granthika, Sahadeva as the cowherd Tantipala and Draupadi as the maid Sairandhri. The assumed names are alternative labels of each concept.

5. The concept scheme

Scheme Characters of the Mahabharata`mb:characters`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters
Type	`skos:ConceptScheme`
Title	Characters of the Mahabharata
Description	A SKOS concept scheme of the characters of the Mahabharata, the Sanskrit epic of the dynastic war between the Pandavas and the Kauravas for the throne of Hastinapura. Each character is a skos:Concept placed under the lineage, royal house, order or class of being the epic gives it. Collections gather characters across that hierarchy: the two sides of the war, birth order, the survivors, the narrative frame. Kinship and narrative relations between characters use sub-properties of skos:related from the companion schema. Labels are given in English, in Sanskrit in Devanagari (sa-Deva) and in IAST transliteration (sa-Latn). Epithets and patronymics are alternative labels; common spellings are hidden labels. Every character with an English Wikipedia article is mapped to its Wikidata item and DBpedia resource.
Version	`1.0.0`
Created	8 November 2026
Modified	9 November 2026
Languages	`en`, `sa`
Sources	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_characters_in_the_Mahabharata, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahabharata
Conforms to	https://www.w3.org/TR/skos-reference/
Licence	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Homepage	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/
Comment	The descriptions paraphrase the English Wikipedia article Mahabharata and the character articles it links to, which are published under CC BY-SA 4.0. Wikidata identifiers were resolved through the Wikipedia API on 2026-11-08.
Scope note	Modelling conventions. (1) Two kinds of concept: a mbhx:Character is a person, deity or other being; a mbhx:Grouping is a lineage, generation, royal house, order or class of being. skos:broader runs from a character to its groupings and from a grouping to a wider grouping; a character is never broader than another character. (2) A character that belongs to two groupings carries both (Draupadi is a Panchala by birth and a consort of the Pandavas by marriage; Krishna is a Yadava and the avatar of Vishnu). (3) Relations between characters are the mbhx: sub-properties of skos:related: childOf, fosterChildOf, spouseOf, siblingOf, studentOf, killedBy, charioteerOf, rebirthOf, avatarOf, friendOf, rivalOf, cursed. Each relation is stated once, in the direction the property names; the inverse is declared in the schema. siblingOf is stated only where the shared parent is not a concept in this scheme. (4) skos:Collection groups characters across the hierarchy; skos:OrderedCollection is used where the order carries meaning. (5) skos:exactMatch points to Wikidata and DBpedia; skos:closeMatch is used where the external resource is wider than the concept (a kingdom for a royal house, Yama for Dharma). foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf points to the English Wikipedia article.
Editorial note	Every IRI of the scheme resolves to its entry in the specification at https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/: the fragment of a concept IRI (https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#arjuna) or of a schema IRI (https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#childOf) is the anchor of its description there. To publish under another namespace, edit the mb:, mbh: and mbhx: prefix declarations in this file and in shapes.ttl, and the namespace constants at the top of the scripts. The scheme covers the characters named in the Wikipedia synopsis and the principal figures of the Kurukshetra war. The epic names many hundreds more.
Top concepts	House of Kuru, Yadavas, Royal house of Panchala, Other royal houses, Brahmins and sages, Sutas, Deities and celestial beings, Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras

6. Cross-reference for the schema

The extension schema is an OWL 2 ontology [OWL2-OVERVIEW] of two classes, one datatype property and the relation properties, all declared in the data file itself. Relation properties are sub-properties of mbhx:characterRelation, which is a sub-property of skos:related; each is paired with a declared inverse or is itself symmetric. skos:related is symmetric, but that places no restriction on its sub-properties (SKOS Reference, section 8.6.3 [SKOS-REFERENCE]).

Ontology Characters of the Mahabharata: SKOS extension schema`mb:schema`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema
Type	`owl:Ontology`
Title	Characters of the Mahabharata: SKOS extension schema
Version	`1.0.0`
Comment	Two subclasses of skos:Concept that separate characters from the groupings that organise them, one datatype property, and sub-properties of skos:related for kinship and narrative relations. SKOS allows such specialisation (SKOS Primer, section 4.7): a sub-property of skos:related inherits its meaning and stays within SKOS semantics. skos:related is symmetric, but that places no restriction on its sub-properties (SKOS Reference, section 8.6.3), so each sub-property here either has a declared inverse or is itself declared symmetric.
See also	https://www.w3.org/TR/skos-primer/#secskosspecialization, https://www.w3.org/TR/skos-reference/#semantic-relations
Classes	`mbhx:Character`, `mbhx:Grouping`
Properties	`mbhx:fellOnWarDay`, `mbhx:characterRelation`, `mbhx:childOf`, `mbhx:parentOf`, `mbhx:fosterChildOf`, `mbhx:fosterParentOf`, `mbhx:spouseOf`, `mbhx:siblingOf`, `mbhx:studentOf`, `mbhx:teacherOf`, `mbhx:killedBy`, `mbhx:killed`, `mbhx:charioteerOf`, `mbhx:hasCharioteer`, `mbhx:rebirthOf`, `mbhx:rebornAs`, `mbhx:avatarOf`, `mbhx:hasAvatar`, `mbhx:friendOf`, `mbhx:rivalOf`, `mbhx:cursed`, `mbhx:cursedBy`

6.1 Classes

Class Character`mbhx:Character`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#Character
Type	`owl:Class`
Label	Character
Definition	A person, deity or other being that acts or is named in the Mahabharata.
Subclass of	`skos:Concept`
Disjoint with	`mbhx:Grouping`
In domain of	`mbhx:fellOnWarDay`, `mbhx:characterRelation`
In range of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Instances	111 in this scheme

Class Grouping`mbhx:Grouping`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#Grouping
Type	`owl:Class`
Label	Grouping
Definition	A lineage, generation, royal house, order or class of being under which characters are placed in the hierarchy.
Subclass of	`skos:Concept`
Disjoint with	`mbhx:Character`
Instances	37 in this scheme

6.2 Properties

Datatype property fell on war day`mbhx:fellOnWarDay`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#fellOnWarDay
Type	`owl:DatatypeProperty`
Label	fell on war day
Definition	The day of the eighteen-day Kurukshetra war on which the character was struck down. Bhishma falls on day 10 and dies after the war; the night raid after day 18 is counted as day 18.
Domain	`mbhx:Character`
Range	`xsd:integer`
Stated in the data	35 statements
Example	`mbh:bahlika` `mbhx:fellOnWarDay` `14` .

Object property character relation`mbhx:characterRelation`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#characterRelation
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	character relation
Definition	Parent of every relation between two characters in this scheme. Not used directly.
Sub-property of	`skos:related`
Super-property of	`mbhx:childOf`, `mbhx:parentOf`, `mbhx:fosterChildOf`, `mbhx:fosterParentOf`, `mbhx:spouseOf`, `mbhx:siblingOf`, `mbhx:studentOf`, `mbhx:teacherOf`, `mbhx:killedBy`, `mbhx:killed`, `mbhx:charioteerOf`, `mbhx:hasCharioteer`, `mbhx:rebirthOf`, `mbhx:rebornAs`, `mbhx:avatarOf`, `mbhx:hasAvatar`, `mbhx:friendOf`, `mbhx:rivalOf`, `mbhx:cursed`, `mbhx:cursedBy`
Domain	`mbhx:Character`
Range	`mbhx:Character`
Stated in the data	not used directly; 202 statements over its 20 sub-properties

Object property child of`mbhx:childOf`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#childOf
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	child of
Definition	The subject is a child of the object, as the epic states parentage.
Scope note	Covers birth, fathering by a deity through Kunti's boon (the Pandavas, Karna) and fatherhood by niyoga (Dhritarashtra, Pandu and Vidura as sons of Vichitravirya; the Pandavas as sons of Pandu). The notes on the characters say which applies.
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:parentOf`
Stated in the data	82 statements
Example	`mbh:bhishma` `mbhx:childOf` `mbh:ganga` .

Object property parent of`mbhx:parentOf`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#parentOf
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	parent of
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:childOf`
Stated in the data	never stated: the data writes `mbhx:childOf` on the other party, and this property follows by inference (`mbsh:InverseNotMaterialisedShape` enforces it)

Object property foster child of`mbhx:fosterChildOf`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#fosterChildOf
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	foster child of
Definition	The subject was raised by the object without being born to them.
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:fosterParentOf`
Stated in the data	3 statements
Example	`mbh:kunti` `mbhx:fosterChildOf` `mbh:kuntibhoja` .

Object property foster parent of`mbhx:fosterParentOf`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#fosterParentOf
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	foster parent of
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:fosterChildOf`
Stated in the data	never stated: the data writes `mbhx:fosterChildOf` on the other party, and this property follows by inference (`mbsh:InverseNotMaterialisedShape` enforces it)

Object property spouse of`mbhx:spouseOf`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#spouseOf
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`, `owl:SymmetricProperty`
Label	spouse of
Definition	The subject and the object are married.
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Characteristics	symmetric: stated once per pair and read in both directions
Stated in the data	21 statements
Example	`mbh:shantanu` `mbhx:spouseOf` `mbh:ganga` .

Object property sibling of`mbhx:siblingOf`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#siblingOf
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`, `owl:SymmetricProperty`
Label	sibling of
Definition	The subject and the object share a parent.
Scope note	Stated only where the shared parent is not a concept in this scheme; otherwise the relation follows from childOf.
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Characteristics	symmetric: stated once per pair and read in both directions
Stated in the data	11 statements
Example	`mbh:shantanu` `mbhx:siblingOf` `mbh:bahlika` .

Object property student of`mbhx:studentOf`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#studentOf
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	student of
Definition	The object taught the subject, in arms or in learning.
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:teacherOf`
Stated in the data	19 statements
Example	`mbh:bhishma` `mbhx:studentOf` `mbh:parashurama` .

Object property teacher of`mbhx:teacherOf`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#teacherOf
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	teacher of
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:studentOf`
Stated in the data	never stated: the data writes `mbhx:studentOf` on the other party, and this property follows by inference (`mbsh:InverseNotMaterialisedShape` enforces it)

Object property killed by`mbhx:killedBy`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#killedBy
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	killed by
Definition	The object struck the blow that killed the subject, or in Bhishma's case the blow that brought him down.
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:killed`
Stated in the data	45 statements
Example	`mbh:bahlika` `mbhx:killedBy` `mbh:bhima` .

Object property killed`mbhx:killed`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#killed
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	killed
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:killedBy`
Stated in the data	never stated: the data writes `mbhx:killedBy` on the other party, and this property follows by inference (`mbsh:InverseNotMaterialisedShape` enforces it)

Object property charioteer of`mbhx:charioteerOf`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#charioteerOf
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	charioteer of
Definition	The subject drove the object's chariot.
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:hasCharioteer`
Stated in the data	5 statements
Example	`mbh:krishna` `mbhx:charioteerOf` `mbh:arjuna` .

Object property has charioteer`mbhx:hasCharioteer`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#hasCharioteer
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	has charioteer
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:charioteerOf`
Stated in the data	never stated: the data writes `mbhx:charioteerOf` on the other party, and this property follows by inference (`mbsh:InverseNotMaterialisedShape` enforces it)

Object property rebirth of`mbhx:rebirthOf`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#rebirthOf
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	rebirth of
Definition	The subject is the object born again in a later life.
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:rebornAs`
Stated in the data	1 statement
Example	`mbh:shikhandi` `mbhx:rebirthOf` `mbh:amba` .

Object property reborn as`mbhx:rebornAs`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#rebornAs
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	reborn as
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:rebirthOf`
Stated in the data	never stated: the data writes `mbhx:rebirthOf` on the other party, and this property follows by inference (`mbsh:InverseNotMaterialisedShape` enforces it)

Object property avatar of`mbhx:avatarOf`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#avatarOf
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	avatar of
Definition	The subject is an incarnation of the deity named by the object.
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:hasAvatar`
Stated in the data	3 statements
Example	`mbh:vidura` `mbhx:avatarOf` `mbh:dharma` .

Object property has avatar`mbhx:hasAvatar`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#hasAvatar
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	has avatar
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:avatarOf`
Stated in the data	never stated: the data writes `mbhx:avatarOf` on the other party, and this property follows by inference (`mbsh:InverseNotMaterialisedShape` enforces it)

Object property friend of`mbhx:friendOf`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#friendOf
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`, `owl:SymmetricProperty`
Label	friend of
Definition	A friendship the epic treats as a defining bond.
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Characteristics	symmetric: stated once per pair and read in both directions
Stated in the data	3 statements
Example	`mbh:arjuna` `mbhx:friendOf` `mbh:krishna` .

Object property rival of`mbhx:rivalOf`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#rivalOf
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`, `owl:SymmetricProperty`
Label	rival of
Definition	A personal enmity the epic treats as a defining bond.
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Characteristics	symmetric: stated once per pair and read in both directions
Stated in the data	5 statements
Example	`mbh:bhima` `mbhx:rivalOf` `mbh:duryodhana` .

Object property cursed`mbhx:cursed`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#cursed
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	cursed
Definition	The subject pronounced a curse on the object that takes effect in the story.
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:cursedBy`
Stated in the data	4 statements
Example	`mbh:gandhari` `mbhx:cursed` `mbh:krishna` .

Object property cursed by`mbhx:cursedBy`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#cursedBy
Type	`owl:ObjectProperty`
Label	cursed by
Sub-property of	`mbhx:characterRelation`
Inverse of	`mbhx:cursed`
Stated in the data	never stated: the data writes `mbhx:cursed` on the other party, and this property follows by inference (`mbsh:InverseNotMaterialisedShape` enforces it)

7. Cross-reference for groupings

The 37 groupings in the order of the hierarchy: each top concept followed by the groupings below it.

Grouping House of Kuru`mbh:house-of-kuru` कुरुवंश · Kuruvaṁśa§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#house-of-kuru
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enHouse of Kuru sa-Devaकुरुवंश sa-LatnKuruvaṁśa
Alternative labels	enKuru dynasty, Kurus
Definition	The royal lineage of Hastinapura descended from King Kuru, to which both the Pandavas and the Kauravas belong.
Scope note	Arranged by generation, from Shantanu to Janamejaya. Women who marry into the house are placed in the generation of their husbands. The word Kaurava in its narrow sense means the sons of Dhritarashtra; see the Kauravas grouping.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Top concept of	`mb:characters`
Narrower groupings	House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu, House of Kuru: generation of Pandu, Pandavas, Kauravas, Consorts of the Pandavas, Children of the Pandavas, Children of the Kauravas, House of Kuru: kings after the war
Close match	DBpedia `Kuru_kingdom`, Wikidata `Q1068408`
See also	Wikipedia: Kuru kingdom

Grouping House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu`mbh:kuru-generation-shantanu`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kuru-generation-shantanu
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enHouse of Kuru: generation of Shantanu
Definition	Shantanu, his brother Bahlika, his queen Satyavati, his sons Bhishma, Chitrangada and Vichitravirya, and Vichitravirya's wives Ambika and Ambalika.
Scope note	Shantanu's first wife Ganga is placed under Deities and linked to him by spouseOf.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru
Characters placed here (8 directly, 8 in all)	Ambalika, Ambika, Bahlika, Bhishma, Chitrangada (son of Shantanu), Satyavati, Shantanu, Vichitravirya

Grouping House of Kuru: generation of Pandu`mbh:kuru-generation-pandu`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kuru-generation-pandu
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enHouse of Kuru: generation of Pandu
Definition	The sons born to Vichitravirya's widows by Vyasa, and their wives: Dhritarashtra and Gandhari, Pandu with Kunti and Madri, and Vidura.
Scope note	Gandhari, Kunti and Madri are also placed under the houses of their birth.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru
Characters placed here (6 directly, 6 in all)	Dhritarashtra, Gandhari, Kunti, Madri, Pandu, Vidura

Grouping Pandavas`mbh:pandavas` पाण्डव · Pāṇḍava§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#pandavas
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enPandavas sa-Devaपाण्डव sa-LatnPāṇḍava
Alternative labels	enPandava brothers, Sons of Pandu
Definition	The five sons of Pandu, born to Kunti and Madri through the gods Kunti invoked, and the protagonists of the epic.
Scope note	Only the five brothers. Their wives are under Consorts of the Pandavas and their sons under Children of the Pandavas.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru
Characters placed here (5 directly, 5 in all)	Arjuna, Bhima, Nakula, Sahadeva, Yudhishthira
Related	Kauravas
Exact match	DBpedia `Pandava`, Wikidata `Q236221`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Pandava

Grouping Kauravas`mbh:kauravas` कौरव · Kaurava§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kauravas
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enKauravas sa-Devaकौरव sa-LatnKaurava
Alternative labels	enDhartarashtras, Sons of Dhritarashtra
Definition	The hundred sons of Dhritarashtra and Gandhari, led by Duryodhana, together with their sister Dussala and their half-brother Yuyutsu.
Scope note	Used in the narrow sense of the children of Dhritarashtra. In the broad sense Kaurava means any descendant of Kuru, which includes the Pandavas. Only the children with a part of their own in the story are listed.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru
Characters placed here (5 directly, 5 in all)	Duryodhana, Dushasana, Dussala, Vikarna, Yuyutsu
Related	Pandavas
Exact match	DBpedia `Kaurava`, Wikidata `Q1648561`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Kaurava

Grouping Consorts of the Pandavas`mbh:consorts-of-the-pandavas`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#consorts-of-the-pandavas
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enConsorts of the Pandavas
Definition	Women married to one or more of the five Pandavas: Draupadi, the wife of all five, and the wives of Bhima and Arjuna whose sons fight in the war.
Scope note	Draupadi, Hidimbi, Ulupi, Chitrangada of Manipura and Subhadra. Wives who take no part in the story are not listed. Each consort is also placed under her house or people of birth.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru
Characters placed here (5 directly, 5 in all)	Chitrangada (princess of Manipura), Draupadi, Hidimbi, Subhadra, Ulupi

Grouping Children of the Pandavas`mbh:children-of-the-pandavas`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#children-of-the-pandavas
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enChildren of the Pandavas
Definition	The sons of the five Pandavas who act in the epic: the five sons of Draupadi, and the sons of Arjuna and Bhima by their other wives.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru
Narrower groupings	Upapandavas
Characters placed here (4 directly, 9 in all)	Abhimanyu, Babruvahana, Ghatotkacha, Iravan

Grouping Upapandavas`mbh:upapandavas` उपपाण्डव · Upapāṇḍava§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#upapandavas
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enUpapandavas sa-Devaउपपाण्डव sa-LatnUpapāṇḍava
Alternative labels	enDraupadeyas, Sons of Draupadi sa-Devaद्रौपदेय sa-LatnDraupadeya
Definition	The five sons of Draupadi, one by each Pandava, all killed in their sleep by Ashwatthama on the night after the last day of the war.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Children of the Pandavas
Characters placed here (5 directly, 5 in all)	Prativindhya, Shatanika, Shrutakarma, Shrutasena, Sutasoma
Exact match	DBpedia `Draupadeyas`, Wikidata `Q7898172`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Draupadeyas

Grouping Children of the Kauravas`mbh:children-of-the-kauravas`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#children-of-the-kauravas
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enChildren of the Kauravas
Definition	Sons of Dhritarashtra's sons who act in the epic: Lakshmana Kumara, Duryodhana's son, and Durmasena, Dushasana's son, both of whom fall in the fight around Abhimanyu.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru
Characters placed here (2 directly, 2 in all)	Durmasena, Lakshmana Kumara

Grouping House of Kuru: kings after the war`mbh:later-kuru-kings`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#later-kuru-kings
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enHouse of Kuru: kings after the war
Definition	The Kuru kings of Hastinapura after Yudhishthira: Parikshit and his son Janamejaya, at whose snake sacrifice the epic is recited.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru
Characters placed here (2 directly, 2 in all)	Janamejaya, Parikshit

Grouping Yadavas`mbh:yadavas` यादव · Yādava§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#yadavas
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enYadavas sa-Devaयादव sa-LatnYādava
Alternative labels	enVrishnis, Yadus
Definition	The clan of Krishna, descended from Yadu, including the Vrishni, Andhaka and Bhoja branches, with their capital at Dwaraka.
Scope note	Kunti belongs here by birth as the daughter of the Yadava Shurasena, and Kuntibhoja as Shurasena's cousin.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Top concept of	`mb:characters`
Characters placed here (8 directly, 8 in all)	Balarama, Krishna, Kritavarma, Kunti, Kuntibhoja, Satyaki, Subhadra, Vasudeva
Exact match	DBpedia `Yadava`, Wikidata `Q8046532`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Yadava

Grouping Royal house of Panchala`mbh:panchala` पाञ्चाल · Pāñcāla§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#panchala
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Panchala sa-Devaपाञ्चाल sa-LatnPāñcāla
Alternative labels	enPanchalas
Definition	The royal family of the Panchala kingdom under Drupada, allied by marriage to the Pandavas through Draupadi.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Top concept of	`mb:characters`
Characters placed here (6 directly, 6 in all)	Dhrishtadyumna, Draupadi, Drupada, Shikhandi, Uttamaujas, Yudhamanyu
Close match	DBpedia `Panchala`, Wikidata `Q558603`
See also	Wikipedia: Panchala

Grouping Other royal houses`mbh:other-royal-houses`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#other-royal-houses
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enOther royal houses
Definition	Royal families of kingdoms other than Kuru, Yadava and Panchala whose members act in the epic, grouped by kingdom.
Scope note	A kingdom appears here only if one of its royal family is a character in the scheme.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Top concept of	`mb:characters`
Narrower groupings	Royal house of Matsya, Royal house of Madra, Royal house of Gandhara, Royal house of Anga, Royal house of Kashi, Royal house of Sindhu, Royal house of Magadha, Royal house of Chedi, Royal house of Pragjyotisha, Royal house of Trigarta, Royal house of Kamboja, Royal house of Bahlika, Royal house of the Nishadas, Royal house of Vidarbha, Royal house of Manipura

Grouping Royal house of Matsya`mbh:kingdom-matsya` मत्स्य · Matsya§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-matsya
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Matsya sa-Devaमत्स्य sa-LatnMatsya
Definition	The family of King Virata, at whose court the Pandavas spend the thirteenth year of their exile in disguise.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (5 directly, 5 in all)	Kichaka, Sudeshna, Uttara (prince of Matsya), Uttara (princess of Matsya), Virata
Close match	Wikidata `Q113100727`
See also	Wikipedia: Matsya (kingdom)

Grouping Royal house of Madra`mbh:kingdom-madra` मद्र · Madra§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-madra
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Madra sa-Devaमद्र sa-LatnMadra
Definition	The family of Shalya: his sister Madri marries Pandu, and Shalya fights for the Kauravas.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (2 directly, 2 in all)	Madri, Shalya
Close match	DBpedia `Madra_kingdom`, Wikidata `Q6728459`
See also	Wikipedia: Madra kingdom

Grouping Royal house of Gandhara`mbh:kingdom-gandhara` गान्धार · Gāndhāra§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-gandhara
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Gandhara sa-Devaगान्धार sa-LatnGāndhāra
Definition	The children of King Subala: Gandhari, who marries Dhritarashtra, and Shakuni, who engineers the dice game, with Shakuni's son Uluka.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (3 directly, 3 in all)	Gandhari, Shakuni, Uluka
Close match	Wikidata `Q112980583`
See also	Wikipedia: Gandhāra Kingdom

Grouping Royal house of Anga`mbh:kingdom-anga` अङ्ग · Aṅga§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-anga
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Anga sa-Devaअङ्ग sa-LatnAṅga
Definition	Karna, whom Duryodhana crowns king of Anga, and his son Vrishasena.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (2 directly, 2 in all)	Karna, Vrishasena
Close match	DBpedia `Anga`, Wikidata `Q1155818`
See also	Wikipedia: Anga

Grouping Royal house of Kashi`mbh:kingdom-kashi` काशी · Kāśī§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-kashi
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Kashi sa-Devaकाशी sa-LatnKāśī
Definition	The three princesses of Kashi whom Bhishma carries off from their swayamvara: Amba, Ambika and Ambalika.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (3 directly, 3 in all)	Amba, Ambalika, Ambika
Close match	Wikidata `Q12660335`
See also	Wikipedia: Kāśī (kingdom)

Grouping Royal house of Sindhu`mbh:kingdom-sindhu` सिन्धु · Sindhu§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-sindhu
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Sindhu sa-Devaसिन्धु sa-LatnSindhu
Definition	Jayadratha, king of Sindhu and husband of Dussala.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (1 directly, 1 in all)	Jayadratha
Close match	DBpedia `Sindhu_Kingdom`, Wikidata `Q7522239`
See also	Wikipedia: Sindhu Kingdom

Grouping Royal house of Magadha`mbh:kingdom-magadha` मगध · Magadha§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-magadha
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Magadha sa-Devaमगध sa-LatnMagadha
Definition	Jarasandha, the king of Magadha whom Bhima kills before Yudhishthira's royal consecration.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (1 directly, 1 in all)	Jarasandha
Close match	DBpedia `Magadha`, Wikidata `Q234009`
See also	Wikipedia: Magadha

Grouping Royal house of Chedi`mbh:kingdom-chedi` चेदि · Cedi§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-chedi
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Chedi sa-Devaचेदि sa-LatnCedi
Definition	Shishupala, whom Krishna kills at the royal consecration, and his son Dhrishtaketu, who fights for the Pandavas.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (2 directly, 2 in all)	Dhrishtaketu, Shishupala
Close match	DBpedia `Chedi_kingdom`, Wikidata `Q1329944`
See also	Wikipedia: Chedi kingdom

Grouping Royal house of Pragjyotisha`mbh:kingdom-pragjyotisha` प्राग्ज्योतिष · Prāgjyotiṣa§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-pragjyotisha
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Pragjyotisha sa-Devaप्राग्ज्योतिष sa-LatnPrāgjyotiṣa
Definition	Bhagadatta, the elephant-riding king of Pragjyotisha who fights for the Kauravas.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (1 directly, 1 in all)	Bhagadatta
Close match	Wikidata `Q1194765`
See also	Wikipedia: Kamarupa

Grouping Royal house of Trigarta`mbh:kingdom-trigarta` त्रिगर्त · Trigarta§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-trigarta
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Trigarta sa-Devaत्रिगर्त sa-LatnTrigarta
Definition	Susharma, king of Trigarta and leader of the Samsaptakas, who fights for the Kauravas.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (1 directly, 1 in all)	Susharma
Close match	DBpedia `Trigarta`, Wikidata `Q7841669`
See also	Wikipedia: Trigarta

Grouping Royal house of Kamboja`mbh:kingdom-kamboja` कम्बोज · Kamboja§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-kamboja
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Kamboja sa-Devaकम्बोज sa-LatnKamboja
Definition	Sudakshina, king of the Kambojas, who fights for the Kauravas.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (1 directly, 1 in all)	Sudakshina
Close match	DBpedia `Kamboja`, Wikidata `Q6356381`
See also	Wikipedia: Kamboja

Grouping Royal house of Bahlika`mbh:kingdom-bahlika` बाह्लीक · Bāhlīka§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-bahlika
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Bahlika sa-Devaबाह्लीक sa-LatnBāhlīka
Definition	The Kuru branch that rules Bahlika: Shantanu's brother Bahlika, his son Somadatta and his grandson Bhurishravas, all of whom fight for the Kauravas.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (3 directly, 3 in all)	Bahlika, Bhurishravas, Somadatta
Close match	DBpedia `Bahlikas`, Wikidata `Q4272177`
See also	Wikipedia: Bahlikas

Grouping Royal house of the Nishadas`mbh:kingdom-nishada` निषाद · Niṣāda§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-nishada
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of the Nishadas sa-Devaनिषाद sa-LatnNiṣāda
Definition	Ekalavya, the Nishada prince who teaches himself archery.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (1 directly, 1 in all)	Ekalavya
Close match	DBpedia `Nishadas`, Wikidata `Q7040266`
See also	Wikipedia: Nishadas

Grouping Royal house of Vidarbha`mbh:kingdom-vidarbha` विदर्भ · Vidarbha§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-vidarbha
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Vidarbha sa-Devaविदर्भ sa-LatnVidarbha
Definition	Rukmi, king of Vidarbha and brother of Krishna's wife Rukmini.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (1 directly, 1 in all)	Rukmi
Close match	DBpedia `Vidarbha_kingdom`, Wikidata `Q7927728`
See also	Wikipedia: Vidarbha kingdom

Grouping Royal house of Manipura`mbh:kingdom-manipura` मणिपुर · Maṇipura§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kingdom-manipura
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRoyal house of Manipura sa-Devaमणिपुर sa-LatnMaṇipura
Definition	Chitrangada, who marries Arjuna, and their son Babruvahana, who rules Manipura after his grandfather.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses
Characters placed here (2 directly, 2 in all)	Babruvahana, Chitrangada (princess of Manipura)
Close match	Wikidata `Q106452195`
See also	Wikipedia: Manipura (Mahabharata)

Grouping Brahmins and sages`mbh:brahmins-and-sages`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#brahmins-and-sages
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enBrahmins and sages
Definition	Brahmin characters: the sages who compose, narrate and intervene in the story, and the Brahmin warriors who teach arms to the Kuru princes.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Top concept of	`mb:characters`
Narrower groupings	Sages, Brahmin warriors of the Kuru court

Grouping Sages`mbh:sages` ऋषि · Ṛṣi§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#sages
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enSages sa-Devaऋषि sa-LatnṚṣi
Alternative labels	enRishis
Definition	Seers and ascetics who compose, narrate and shape the story through boons and curses.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages
Characters placed here (9 directly, 9 in all)	Astika, Dhaumya, Durvasa, Markandeya, Narada, Parashurama, Shaunaka, Vaishampayana, Vyasa
Close match	DBpedia `Rishi`, Wikidata `Q755990`
See also	Wikipedia: Rishi

Grouping Brahmin warriors of the Kuru court`mbh:warrior-brahmins`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#warrior-brahmins
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enBrahmin warriors of the Kuru court
Definition	Drona's family and Kripa: Brahmins by birth who teach arms to the Kuru princes and fight for the Kauravas.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages
Characters placed here (4 directly, 4 in all)	Ashwatthama, Drona, Kripa, Kripi

Grouping Sutas`mbh:sutas` सूत · Sūta§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#sutas
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enSutas sa-Devaसूत sa-LatnSūta
Alternative labels	enCharioteers and bards
Definition	Members of the suta class of charioteers and bards: the epic's reciter Ugrashravas, Dhritarashtra's narrator Sanjaya, and Karna's foster family.
Scope note	Karna is placed here as the son of a suta household and under Anga as its king.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Top concept of	`mb:characters`
Characters placed here (5 directly, 5 in all)	Adhiratha, Karna, Radha (foster mother of Karna), Sanjaya, Ugrashravas
Close match	DBpedia `Suta`, Wikidata `Q7649873`
See also	Wikipedia: Suta

Grouping Deities and celestial beings`mbh:deities` देव · Deva§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#deities
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enDeities and celestial beings sa-Devaदेव sa-LatnDeva
Alternative labels	enGods
Definition	Gods, goddesses and celestial beings who father, marry, test, arm or curse the human characters.
Scope note	Krishna is placed here as the avatar of Vishnu and under the Yadavas by birth. Hanuman and the nymph Urvashi are included as celestial beings.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Top concept of	`mb:characters`
Characters placed here (13 directly, 13 in all)	Agni, Ashvins, Dharma, Ganesha, Ganga, Hanuman, Indra, Krishna, Shiva, Surya, Urvashi, Vayu, Vishnu
Close match	Wikidata `Q211258`
See also	Wikipedia: Deva (Hinduism)

Grouping Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras`mbh:other-beings`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#other-beings
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRakshasas, Nagas and Asuras
Definition	Non-human peoples of the epic other than the gods: the rakshasas the Pandavas fight and marry, the serpent Nagas, and the asura architect Maya.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Top concept of	`mb:characters`
Narrower groupings	Rakshasas, Nagas, Asuras and Danavas

Grouping Rakshasas`mbh:rakshasas` राक्षस · Rākṣasa§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#rakshasas
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRakshasas sa-Devaराक्षस sa-LatnRākṣasa
Definition	Man-eating forest beings, several of whom Bhima kills, and the family into which he marries.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras
Characters placed here (7 directly, 7 in all)	Alambusha, Bakasura, Ghatotkacha, Hidimba, Hidimbi, Jatasura, Kirmira
Close match	DBpedia `Rakshasa`, Wikidata `Q1049467`
See also	Wikipedia: Rakshasa

Grouping Nagas`mbh:nagas` नाग · Nāga§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#nagas
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enNagas sa-Devaनाग sa-LatnNāga
Definition	Serpent beings: Arjuna's wife Ulupi and the serpent king Takshaka, whose bite kills Parikshit.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras
Characters placed here (2 directly, 2 in all)	Takshaka, Ulupi
Close match	DBpedia `Nāga`, Wikidata `Q271990`
See also	Wikipedia: Nāga

Grouping Asuras and Danavas`mbh:asuras` असुर · Asura§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#asuras
Type	`mbhx:Grouping`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enAsuras and Danavas sa-Devaअसुर sa-LatnAsura
Definition	Demons; in this scheme the Danava architect Maya.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras
Characters placed here (1 directly, 1 in all)	Maya
Close match	DBpedia `Asura`, Wikidata `Q624083`
See also	Wikipedia: Asura

8. Cross-reference for characters

The 111 characters in alphabetical order of their English preferred label.

A B C D E G H I J K L M N P R S T U V Y

Character Abhimanyu`mbh:abhimanyu` अभिमन्यु · Abhimanyu§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#abhimanyu
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enAbhimanyu sa-Devaअभिमन्यु sa-LatnAbhimanyu
Alternative labels	enSaubhadra sa-Devaसौभद्र sa-LatnSaubhadra
Definition	Son of Arjuna and Subhadra and husband of Uttara of Matsya; at sixteen he broke alone into Drona's circular formation on day 13 and was killed there by many warriors at once, against the rules of war.
Note	Jayadratha held the other Pandavas outside the formation. Abhimanyu killed Lakshmana Kumara before he fell; the final blow came from Dushasana's son. His posthumous son Parikshit continued the Kuru line.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Children of the Pandavas
Child of	Arjuna, Subhadra
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Parikshit
Spouse of	Uttara (princess of Matsya)
Killed by	Durmasena
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Lakshmana Kumara
Fell on war day	day 13 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Abhimanyu`, Wikidata `Q320606`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Abhimanyu

Character Adhiratha`mbh:adhiratha` अधिरथ · Adhiratha§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#adhiratha
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enAdhiratha sa-Devaअधिरथ sa-LatnAdhiratha
Hidden labels	enAdhirath, Adiratha
Definition	Charioteer of Dhritarashtra and husband of Radha, who found the infant Karna floating in a basket on the river and raised him as his son.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Sutas
Foster parent of inferred from `mbhx:fosterChildOf`	Karna
Spouse of	Radha (foster mother of Karna)
Charioteer of	Dhritarashtra
Exact match	Wikidata `Q2472652`
See also	Wikipedia: List of characters in the Mahabharata

Character Agni`mbh:agni` अग्नि · Agni§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#agni
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enAgni sa-Devaअग्नि sa-LatnAgni
Alternative labels	enHutashana, Vahni sa-LatnVahni
Definition	The fire god, who asked Arjuna and Krishna to let him consume the Khandava forest and rewarded them with the bow Gandiva, Arjuna's chariot and inexhaustible quivers, and Krishna's discus.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Deities and celestial beings
Exact match	DBpedia `Agni`, Wikidata `Q394867`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Agni

Character Alambusha`mbh:alambusha` अलम्बुष · Alambuṣa§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#alambusha
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enAlambusha sa-Devaअलम्बुष sa-LatnAlambuṣa
Hidden labels	enAlambush, Alamvusha
Definition	Rakshasa who fought for the Kauravas, killed Iravan on day 8 and was killed by Ghatotkacha in the night battle of day 14.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras › Rakshasas
Killed by	Ghatotkacha
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Iravan
Fell on war day	day 14 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
See also	Wikipedia: List of characters in the Mahabharata

Character Amba`mbh:amba` अम्बा · Ambā§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#amba
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enAmba sa-Devaअम्बा sa-LatnAmbā
Definition	Eldest princess of Kashi, carried off by Bhishma, then rejected by the king of Shalva whom she loved and refused by Bhishma because of his vow; she vowed to cause Bhishma's death and was reborn as Shikhandi.
Note	She sought Parashurama's help; his duel with Bhishma ended without a result.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Kashi
Sibling of	Ambalika, Ambika
Reborn as inferred from `mbhx:rebirthOf`	Shikhandi
Rival of	Bhishma
Exact match	DBpedia `Amba_(Mahabharata)`, Wikidata `Q2721773`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Amba (Mahabharata)

Character Ambalika`mbh:ambalika` अम्बालिका · Ambālikā§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#ambalika
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enAmbalika sa-Devaअम्बालिका sa-LatnAmbālikā
Definition	Princess of Kashi and wife of Vichitravirya; she turned pale before Vyasa during the niyoga, and her son Pandu was born pale.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu Other royal houses › Royal house of Kashi
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Pandu
Spouse of	Vichitravirya
Sibling of	Amba, Ambika
Exact match	DBpedia `Ambalika`, Wikidata `Q1994807`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Ambalika

Character Ambika`mbh:ambika` अम्बिका · Ambikā§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#ambika
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enAmbika sa-Devaअम्बिका sa-LatnAmbikā
Definition	Princess of Kashi and wife of Vichitravirya; she shut her eyes before Vyasa during the niyoga, and her son Dhritarashtra was born blind.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu Other royal houses › Royal house of Kashi
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Dhritarashtra
Spouse of	Vichitravirya
Sibling of	Amba, Ambalika
Exact match	DBpedia `Ambika_(Mahabharata)`, Wikidata `Q2044636`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Ambika (Mahabharata)

Character Arjuna`mbh:arjuna` अर्जुन · Arjuna§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#arjuna
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enArjuna sa-Devaअर्जुन sa-LatnArjuna
Alternative labels	enBibhatsu, Brihannala, Dhananjaya, Gudakesha, Jishnu, Kiriti, Partha, Phalguna, Savyasachi, Shvetavahana, Vijaya sa-Devaधनञ्जय, पार्थ sa-LatnBṛhannalā, Dhanañjaya, Pārtha, Savyasācin
Hidden labels	enArjun, Arjunan
Definition	Third Pandava, son of Kunti and Indra, the greatest archer of the epic, Krishna's friend and brother-in-law, and the hearer of the Bhagavad Gita.
Note	He won Draupadi at her swayamvara. He married Ulupi, Chitrangada and Subhadra during and after his year of pilgrimage. His bow Gandiva came from Agni at the burning of the Khandava forest. He spent the thirteenth year of exile as the dance teacher Brihannala. In the war he brought down Bhishma, killed Jayadratha, Bhagadatta, Sudakshina, Bhurishravas (disarmed), Vrishasena, Karna and Susharma, with Krishna as his charioteer. His flag carried Hanuman.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Pandavas
Child of	Indra, Kunti, Pandu
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Abhimanyu, Babruvahana, Iravan, Shrutakarma
Spouse of	Chitrangada (princess of Manipura), Draupadi, Subhadra, Ulupi
Student of	Drona
Teacher of inferred from `mbhx:studentOf`	Satyaki
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Bhagadatta, Bhishma, Jayadratha, Karna, Sudakshina, Susharma, Vrishasena
Has charioteer inferred from `mbhx:charioteerOf`	Krishna, Uttara (prince of Matsya)
Friend of	Krishna
Rival of	Karna
Cursed by inferred from `mbhx:cursed`	Urvashi
Member of	The five Pandavas in order of birth (3 of 5) Children of Kunti Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side Survivors of the Kurukshetra war The disguises at Virata's court
Exact match	DBpedia `Arjuna`, Wikidata `Q185790`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Arjuna

Character Ashvins`mbh:ashvins` अश्विनौ · Aśvinau§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#ashvins
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enAshvins sa-Devaअश्विनौ sa-LatnAśvinau
Alternative labels	enAshwini Kumaras, Nasatya and Dasra sa-Devaअश्विनीकुमार sa-LatnDasra, Nāsatya
Hidden labels	enAshwins, Asvins
Definition	The twin horse-headed gods of healing, fathers of the twins Nakula and Sahadeva by Madri.
Scope note	Modelled as one concept because the epic treats the twins as a pair in this role.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Deities and celestial beings
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Nakula, Sahadeva
Exact match	DBpedia `Ashvins`, Wikidata `Q726593`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Ashvins

Character Ashwatthama`mbh:ashwatthama` अश्वत्थामन् · Aśvatthāman§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#ashwatthama
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enAshwatthama sa-Devaअश्वत्थामन् sa-LatnAśvatthāman
Alternative labels	enDrauni sa-Devaअश्वत्थामा, द्रौणि sa-LatnAśvatthāmā, Drauṇi
Hidden labels	enAshvatthama, Ashwathama, Ashwatthaman, Aswatthama
Definition	Son of Drona and Kripi, born with a gem in his forehead, who fought for the Kauravas; after Duryodhana fell he raided the sleeping Pandava camp by night and killed Dhrishtadyumna, Shikhandi and the five sons of Draupadi, then loosed a weapon at the unborn Parikshit.
Note	Duryodhana made him the last Kaurava commander on the night of day 18. Krishna cursed him to wander the earth for three thousand years, bleeding and alone, and took the gem from his forehead. Counted among the immortals (chiranjivis).
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages › Brahmin warriors of the Kuru court
Child of	Drona, Kripi
Student of	Drona
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Dhrishtadyumna, Prativindhya, Shatanika, Shikhandi, Shrutakarma, Shrutasena, Sutasoma, Uttamaujas, Yudhamanyu
Cursed by inferred from `mbhx:cursed`	Krishna
Member of	Commanders-in-chief of the Kaurava army, in sequence (5 of 5) Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side Survivors of the Kurukshetra war Immortals (chiranjivis) among the characters
Exact match	DBpedia `Ashvatthama`, Wikidata `Q2044550`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Ashvatthama

Character Astika`mbh:astika` आस्तीक · Āstīka§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#astika
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enAstika sa-Devaआस्तीक sa-LatnĀstīka
Hidden labels	enAastika, Astik
Definition	Young sage, son of the ascetic Jaratkaru and the serpent king Vasuki's sister, who persuaded Janamejaya to end the snake sacrifice and so saved Takshaka and the Nagas.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages › Sages
Exact match	DBpedia `Astika_(sage)`, Wikidata `Q3595632`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Astika (sage)

Character Babruvahana`mbh:babruvahana` बभ्रुवाहन · Babhruvāhana§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#babruvahana
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enBabruvahana sa-Devaबभ्रुवाहन sa-LatnBabhruvāhana
Hidden labels	enBabhruvahana, Vabhruvahana
Definition	Son of Arjuna and Chitrangada, king of Manipura, who killed his father in battle during the horse sacrifice without knowing him; Ulupi revived Arjuna with the Nagas' gem.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Children of the Pandavas Other royal houses › Royal house of Manipura
Child of	Arjuna, Chitrangada (princess of Manipura)
Exact match	DBpedia `Babhruvahana`, Wikidata `Q2472921`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Babhruvahana

Character Bahlika`mbh:bahlika` बाह्लीक · Bāhlīka§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#bahlika
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enBahlika sa-Devaबाह्लीक sa-LatnBāhlīka
Hidden labels	enBalhika, Vahlika
Definition	Elder brother of Shantanu who left Hastinapura to rule the Bahlika kingdom; the oldest warrior on the field at Kurukshetra, where he fights for the Kauravas and is killed by Bhima.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu Other royal houses › Royal house of Bahlika
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Somadatta
Sibling of	Shantanu
Killed by	Bhima
Fell on war day	day 14 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Bahlika_(king)`, Wikidata `Q12452536`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Bahlika (king)

Character Bakasura`mbh:bakasura` बकासुर · Bakāsura§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#bakasura
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enBakasura sa-Devaबकासुर sa-LatnBakāsura
Alternative labels	enBaka sa-Devaबक sa-LatnBaka
Hidden labels	enBakasur, Vakasura
Definition	Rakshasa who exacted a cartload of food and a human being from the town of Ekachakra every day; Bhima took the place of the Brahmin family's victim and killed him.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras › Rakshasas
Sibling of	Kirmira
Killed by	Bhima
Exact match	DBpedia `Bakasura`, Wikidata `Q2724067`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Bakasura

Character Balarama`mbh:balarama` बलराम · Balarāma§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#balarama
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enBalarama sa-Devaबलराम sa-LatnBalarāma
Alternative labels	enBalabhadra, Baladeva, Halayudha, Rauhineya, Sankarshana sa-Devaबलदेव sa-LatnBaladeva, Halāyudha, Saṅkarṣaṇa
Hidden labels	enBalaram, Balram
Definition	Elder brother of Krishna, son of Vasudeva and Rohini, who bears the plough as his weapon; he taught mace fighting to Duryodhana and Bhima and refused to fight in the war, leaving on pilgrimage instead.
Note	He returned on the last day and objected to Bhima's blow below the waist in the duel with Duryodhana.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Yadavas
Child of	Vasudeva
Teacher of inferred from `mbhx:studentOf`	Bhima, Duryodhana
Member of	Warriors who took no part in the war
Exact match	DBpedia `Balarama`, Wikidata `Q1061606`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Balarama

Character Bhagadatta`mbh:bhagadatta` भगदत्त · Bhagadatta§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#bhagadatta
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enBhagadatta sa-Devaभगदत्त sa-LatnBhagadatta
Definition	Aged king of Pragjyotisha who fought for the Kauravas on his elephant Supratika; Arjuna killed him on day 12 after Krishna took Bhagadatta's Vaishnava weapon on his own chest.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Pragjyotisha
Killed by	Arjuna
Fell on war day	day 12 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Bhagadatta`, Wikidata `Q1114098`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Bhagadatta

Character Bhima`mbh:bhima` भीम · Bhīma§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#bhima
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enBhima sa-Devaभीम sa-LatnBhīma
Alternative labels	enBhimasena, Vallabha, Vrikodara sa-Devaभीमसेन sa-LatnBhīmasena, Vṛkodara
Hidden labels	enBheem, Bheema, Bhim
Definition	Second Pandava, son of Kunti and the wind god Vayu, the strongest of the brothers and a mace fighter; he kills Hidimba, Bakasura, Kirmira, Jarasandha, Kichaka and, in the war, Dushasana and Duryodhana.
Note	He vowed to drink Dushasana's blood and to break Duryodhana's thigh for the humiliation of Draupadi, and did both. At Virata's court he served as the cook Vallabha. Hanuman, also a son of Vayu, is his brother.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Pandavas
Child of	Kunti, Pandu, Vayu
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Ghatotkacha, Sutasoma
Spouse of	Draupadi, Hidimbi
Student of	Balarama, Drona
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Bahlika, Bakasura, Duryodhana, Dushasana, Hidimba, Jarasandha, Jatasura, Kichaka, Kirmira, Vikarna
Rival of	Duryodhana
Member of	The five Pandavas in order of birth (2 of 5) Children of Kunti Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side Survivors of the Kurukshetra war The disguises at Virata's court
Exact match	DBpedia `Bhima`, Wikidata `Q3651886`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Bhima

Character Bhishma`mbh:bhishma` भीष्म · Bhīṣma§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#bhishma
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enBhishma sa-Devaभीष्म sa-LatnBhīṣma
Alternative labels	enDevavrata, Gangaputra, Gangeya, Pitamaha, Shantanava sa-Devaदेवव्रत sa-LatnDevavrata, Gāṅgeya
Hidden labels	enBheeshma, Bhishm
Definition	Son of Shantanu and Ganga, born Devavrata; the Kuru patriarch who renounced the throne and vowed celibacy so that Satyavati's son could inherit, and who commands the Kaurava army for the first ten days of the war.
Note	He carried off the three princesses of Kashi for Vichitravirya, which made Amba his lifelong enemy. He held a boon to choose the hour of his death. Felled by Arjuna's arrows on day 10 while refusing to fight Shikhandi, he lay on a bed of arrows until the sun's northward turn, instructing Yudhishthira in the duties of a king before he died.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu
Child of	Ganga, Shantanu
Student of	Parashurama
Teacher of inferred from `mbhx:studentOf`	Yudhishthira
Killed by	Arjuna
Rival of	Amba
Fell on war day	day 10 of 18
Member of	Commanders-in-chief of the Kaurava army, in sequence (1 of 5) Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Bhishma`, Wikidata `Q1405629`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Bhishma

Character Bhurishravas`mbh:bhurishravas` भूरिश्रवस् · Bhūriśravas§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#bhurishravas
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enBhurishravas sa-Devaभूरिश्रवस् sa-LatnBhūriśravas
Alternative labels	sa-Devaभूरिश्रवा sa-LatnBhūriśravā
Hidden labels	enBhurishrava, Bhurisravas
Definition	Son of Somadatta and grandson of Bahlika, who fought for the Kauravas and carried an old feud with Satyaki; on day 14 Arjuna cut off his arm as he was about to kill Satyaki, and Satyaki beheaded him as he sat in meditation.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Bahlika
Child of	Somadatta
Killed by	Satyaki
Rival of	Satyaki
Fell on war day	day 14 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Bhurishravas`, Wikidata `Q2724587`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Bhurishravas

Character Chitrangada (princess of Manipura)`mbh:chitrangada-manipura` चित्राङ्गदा · Citrāṅgadā§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#chitrangada-manipura
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enChitrangada (princess of Manipura) sa-Devaचित्राङ्गदा sa-LatnCitrāṅgadā
Definition	Princess of Manipura, daughter of King Chitravahana, who married Arjuna on condition that their son would stay as her father's heir; mother of Babruvahana.
Scope note	Not the son of Shantanu of the same name; see Chitrangada (son of Shantanu).
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Consorts of the Pandavas Other royal houses › Royal house of Manipura
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Babruvahana
Spouse of	Arjuna
Exact match	DBpedia `Chitrangada_(princess)`, Wikidata `Q2367305`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Chitrangada (princess)

Character Chitrangada (son of Shantanu)`mbh:chitrangada-kuru` चित्राङ्गद · Citrāṅgada§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#chitrangada-kuru
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enChitrangada (son of Shantanu) sa-Devaचित्राङ्गद sa-LatnCitrāṅgada
Hidden labels	enChitrangad
Definition	Elder son of Shantanu and Satyavati, who succeeded his father and was killed in a long duel by a gandharva of the same name.
Scope note	Not the princess of Manipura who marries Arjuna; see Chitrangada (princess of Manipura).
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu
Child of	Satyavati, Shantanu
Exact match	DBpedia `Chitrangada_(king)`, Wikidata `Q1994800`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Chitrangada (king)

Character Dharma`mbh:dharma` धर्म · Dharma§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#dharma
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enDharma sa-Devaधर्म sa-LatnDharma
Alternative labels	enDharmadeva, Yama, Yama Dharmaraja sa-Devaयम sa-LatnDharmadeva, Yama
Definition	God of righteousness, identified with Yama, the lord of the dead; father of Yudhishthira by Kunti, incarnate in Vidura, and the tester of Yudhishthira as the Yaksha at the lake and as the dog on the final journey.
Scope note	The Wikipedia synopsis names the father of Yudhishthira as Dharma and the dog as Yama. This scheme treats them as one being, as the epic does, and maps the concept to Yama with closeMatch because the Wikidata item covers Yama in all his roles.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Deities and celestial beings
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Yudhishthira
Has avatar inferred from `mbhx:avatarOf`	Vidura
Close match	DBpedia `Yama`, Wikidata `Q45097`
See also	Wikipedia: Yama

Character Dhaumya`mbh:dhaumya` धौम्य · Dhaumya§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#dhaumya
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enDhaumya sa-Devaधौम्य sa-LatnDhaumya
Alternative labels	enAyoda Dhaumya
Definition	Family priest of the Pandavas, who conducted their marriage to Draupadi and went with them into exile.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages › Sages
Exact match	DBpedia `Dhaumya`, Wikidata `Q12434693`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Dhaumya

Character Dhrishtadyumna`mbh:dhrishtadyumna` धृष्टद्युम्न · Dhṛṣṭadyumna§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#dhrishtadyumna
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enDhrishtadyumna sa-Devaधृष्टद्युम्न sa-LatnDhṛṣṭadyumna
Hidden labels	enDhrishtadyumn, Drishtadyumna
Definition	Son of Drupada born from the sacrificial fire to kill Drona, commander-in-chief of the Pandava army for the whole war; he beheaded Drona on day 15 and was killed by Ashwatthama in the night raid.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Royal house of Panchala
Child of	Drupada
Killed by	Ashwatthama
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Drona
Fell on war day	day 18 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Dhrishtadyumna`, Wikidata `Q2357086`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Dhrishtadyumna

Character Dhrishtaketu`mbh:dhrishtaketu` धृष्टकेतु · Dhṛṣṭaketu§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#dhrishtaketu
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enDhrishtaketu sa-Devaधृष्टकेतु sa-LatnDhṛṣṭaketu
Definition	King of Chedi after his father Shishupala, one of the seven commanders of the Pandava army; killed by Drona.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Chedi
Child of	Shishupala
Killed by	Drona
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Dhrishtaketu`, Wikidata `Q135680081`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Dhrishtaketu

Character Dhritarashtra`mbh:dhritarashtra` धृतराष्ट्र · Dhṛtarāṣṭra§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#dhritarashtra
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enDhritarashtra sa-Devaधृतराष्ट्र sa-LatnDhṛtarāṣṭra
Hidden labels	enDhritarastra, Dhritrashtra
Definition	Blind king of Hastinapura, son of Vyasa and Ambika, husband of Gandhari and father of the hundred Kauravas; the war is narrated to him by Sanjaya.
Note	Passed over for the throne because of his blindness, he ruled after Pandu's death. He could not restrain Duryodhana. After the war he retired to the forest with Gandhari and Kunti, where all three died in a forest fire.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: generation of Pandu
Child of	Ambika, Vichitravirya, Vyasa
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Duryodhana, Dushasana, Dussala, Vikarna, Yuyutsu
Spouse of	Gandhari
Has charioteer inferred from `mbhx:charioteerOf`	Adhiratha, Sanjaya
Member of	The narrative frame of the Mahabharata
Exact match	DBpedia `Dhritarashtra`, Wikidata `Q926150`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Dhritarashtra

Character Draupadi`mbh:draupadi` द्रौपदी · Draupadī§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#draupadi
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enDraupadi sa-Devaद्रौपदी sa-LatnDraupadī
Alternative labels	enKrishnaa, Malini, Panchali, Parshati, Sairandhri, Yajnaseni sa-Devaकृष्णा, पाञ्चाली sa-LatnKṛṣṇā, Pāñcālī, Yājñasenī
Hidden labels	enDraupathi, Dropadi, Drupadi
Definition	Daughter of Drupada, born from the sacrificial fire, won by Arjuna at her swayamvara and married to all five Pandavas; her humiliation after the dice game drives the war.
Note	Krishna made her garment endless when Dushasana tried to strip her. She vowed to leave her hair unbound until the Kauravas were punished. At Virata's court she served the queen as the maid Sairandhri under the name Malini, and Kichaka's pursuit of her cost him his life. Her five sons were killed in the night raid after the war. She was the first to fall on the final journey.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Consorts of the Pandavas Royal house of Panchala
Child of	Drupada
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Prativindhya, Shatanika, Shrutakarma, Shrutasena, Sutasoma
Spouse of	Arjuna, Bhima, Nakula, Sahadeva, Yudhishthira
Friend of	Krishna
Member of	The disguises at Virata's court
Exact match	DBpedia `Draupadi`, Wikidata `Q1057886`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Draupadi

Character Drona`mbh:drona` द्रोण · Droṇa§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#drona
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enDrona sa-Devaद्रोण sa-LatnDroṇa
Alternative labels	enBharadvaja (patronymic of Drona), Dronacharya sa-Devaद्रोणाचार्य sa-LatnDroṇācārya
Hidden labels	enDron, Guru Drona
Definition	Brahmin master of arms, son of the sage Bharadvaja, husband of Kripi and father of Ashwatthama; teacher of the Pandavas and Kauravas, commander of the Kaurava army for days 11 to 15, beheaded by Dhrishtadyumna.
Note	He learnt weapons from Parashurama. Humiliated by his boyhood friend Drupada, he had his students conquer Panchala. He demanded Ekalavya's thumb. He laid down his weapons on hearing the false report that Ashwatthama was dead, and Dhrishtadyumna killed him as he sat in meditation.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages › Brahmin warriors of the Kuru court
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Ashwatthama
Spouse of	Kripi
Student of	Parashurama
Teacher of inferred from `mbhx:studentOf`	Arjuna, Ashwatthama, Bhima, Duryodhana, Dushasana, Karna, Nakula, Sahadeva, Yudhishthira
Killed by	Dhrishtadyumna
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Dhrishtaketu, Drupada, Virata
Rival of	Drupada
Fell on war day	day 15 of 18
Member of	Commanders-in-chief of the Kaurava army, in sequence (2 of 5) Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Drona`, Wikidata `Q890529`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Drona

Character Drupada`mbh:drupada` द्रुपद · Drupada§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#drupada
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enDrupada sa-Devaद्रुपद sa-LatnDrupada
Alternative labels	enYajnasena sa-Devaयज्ञसेन sa-LatnYajñasena
Hidden labels	enDrupad
Definition	King of Panchala, Drona's boyhood friend and later his enemy, who held a sacrifice for a son to kill Drona and received Dhrishtadyumna and Draupadi from the fire; he fought for the Pandavas and was killed by Drona.
Note	Drona had him defeated by his students and took half his kingdom in payment for a childhood insult.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Royal house of Panchala
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Dhrishtadyumna, Draupadi, Shikhandi
Killed by	Drona
Rival of	Drona
Fell on war day	day 15 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Drupada`, Wikidata `Q2389430`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Drupada

Character Durmasena`mbh:durmasena`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#durmasena
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enDurmasena
Alternative labels	enDauhshasani sa-Devaदौःशासनि sa-LatnDauḥśāsani
Definition	Son of Dushasana, who struck the final mace blow that killed the exhausted Abhimanyu on day 13; the sons of Draupadi killed him the next day.
Scope note	The epic names him by the patronymic Dauhshasani; Durmasena is the name used in later tradition.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Children of the Kauravas
Child of	Dushasana
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Abhimanyu
Fell on war day	day 14 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
See also	Wikipedia: List of characters in the Mahabharata

Character Durvasa`mbh:durvasa` दुर्वासस् · Durvāsas§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#durvasa
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enDurvasa sa-Devaदुर्वासस् sa-LatnDurvāsas
Alternative labels	sa-Devaदुर्वासा sa-LatnDurvāsā
Hidden labels	enDurvasa Muni, Durvasas
Definition	Short-tempered sage who, pleased with the young Kunti's service, gave her the mantra to summon any god for a son; Duryodhana later sent him with his disciples to the Pandavas in exile hoping he would curse them.
Note	Krishna satisfied the sage's hunger with the one grain of rice left in Draupadi's vessel.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages › Sages
Teacher of inferred from `mbhx:studentOf`	Kunti
Exact match	DBpedia `Durvasa`, Wikidata `Q2361344`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Durvasa

Character Duryodhana`mbh:duryodhana` दुर्योधन · Duryodhana§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#duryodhana
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enDuryodhana sa-Devaदुर्योधन sa-LatnDuryodhana
Alternative labels	enSuyodhana sa-Devaसुयोधन sa-LatnSuyodhana
Hidden labels	enDuryodhan, Duryodhanan
Definition	Eldest of the hundred Kauravas, son of Dhritarashtra and Gandhari, the Pandavas' rival from childhood who refuses to share the kingdom and leads the Kaurava side in the war.
Note	Humiliated at Yudhishthira's palace at Indraprastha, he staged the dice game on Shakuni's advice. He made Karna king of Anga and kept him as his closest friend. Bhima broke his thighs in the final mace duel on day 18, as he had vowed.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Kauravas
Child of	Dhritarashtra, Gandhari
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Lakshmana Kumara
Student of	Balarama, Drona
Killed by	Bhima
Friend of	Karna
Rival of	Bhima
Fell on war day	day 18 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Duryodhana`, Wikidata `Q1405823`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Duryodhana

Character Dushasana`mbh:dushasana` दुःशासन · Duḥśāsana§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#dushasana
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enDushasana sa-Devaदुःशासन sa-LatnDuḥśāsana
Hidden labels	enDuhshasana, Dushasan, Dusshasana
Definition	Second of the Kauravas, who dragged Draupadi by the hair into the assembly after the dice game and tried to strip her; Bhima kills him on day 17 and drinks his blood as he had vowed.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Kauravas
Child of	Dhritarashtra, Gandhari
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Durmasena
Student of	Drona
Killed by	Bhima
Fell on war day	day 17 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Duhshasana`, Wikidata `Q2044646`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Duhshasana

Character Dussala`mbh:dussala` दुःशला · Duḥśalā§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#dussala
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enDussala sa-Devaदुःशला sa-LatnDuḥśalā
Hidden labels	enDuhsala, Duhshala, Dushala
Definition	Only daughter of Dhritarashtra and Gandhari, wife of Jayadratha of Sindhu.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Kauravas
Child of	Dhritarashtra, Gandhari
Spouse of	Jayadratha
Exact match	DBpedia `Duhshala`, Wikidata `Q2723039`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Duhshala

Character Ekalavya`mbh:ekalavya` एकलव्य · Ekalavya§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#ekalavya
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enEkalavya sa-Devaएकलव्य sa-LatnEkalavya
Hidden labels	enEklavya
Definition	Nishada prince who taught himself archery before an image of Drona after Drona refused him; when Drona claimed his right thumb as a teacher's fee he gave it, and lost his skill. Krishna names him among those he killed.
Scope note	Not linked to Drona by studentOf: Drona never taught him.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of the Nishadas
Killed by	Krishna
Exact match	DBpedia `Ekalavya`, Wikidata `Q1987473`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Ekalavya

Character Gandhari`mbh:gandhari` गान्धारी · Gāndhārī§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#gandhari
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enGandhari sa-Devaगान्धारी sa-LatnGāndhārī
Alternative labels	enSaubaleyi
Hidden labels	enGandhaari
Definition	Princess of Gandhara, sister of Shakuni and wife of Dhritarashtra, who blindfolded herself for life to share her husband's blindness; mother of the hundred Kauravas and of Dussala.
Note	After the war she cursed Krishna: his own clan would destroy itself as hers had. The curse was fulfilled thirty-six years later.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: generation of Pandu Other royal houses › Royal house of Gandhara
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Duryodhana, Dushasana, Dussala, Vikarna
Spouse of	Dhritarashtra
Sibling of	Shakuni
Cursed	Krishna
Exact match	DBpedia `Gandhari`, Wikidata `Q1849082`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Gandhari

Character Ganesha`mbh:ganesha` गणेश · Gaṇeśa§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#ganesha
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enGanesha sa-Devaगणेश sa-LatnGaṇeśa
Alternative labels	enGanapati, Vinayaka sa-Devaगणपति sa-LatnGaṇapati, Vināyaka
Hidden labels	enGanapathi, Ganesh
Definition	The elephant-headed god who, in a tradition recorded in the first book of the epic, wrote the Mahabharata down as Vyasa dictated it, on condition that Vyasa never pause.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Deities and celestial beings
Member of	The narrative frame of the Mahabharata
Exact match	DBpedia `Ganesha`, Wikidata `Q1579`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Ganesha

Character Ganga`mbh:ganga` गङ्गा · Gaṅgā§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#ganga
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enGanga sa-Devaगङ्गा sa-LatnGaṅgā
Alternative labels	enBhagirathi, Jahnavi sa-LatnBhāgīrathī, Jāhnavī
Hidden labels	enGanga Devi, Ganges
Definition	The river goddess, first wife of Shantanu and mother of Bhishma, whom she raised and had taught before returning him to his father.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Deities and celestial beings
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Bhishma
Spouse of	Shantanu
Exact match	DBpedia `Ganga_(goddess)`, Wikidata `Q580113`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Ganga (goddess)

Character Ghatotkacha`mbh:ghatotkacha` घटोत्कच · Ghaṭotkaca§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#ghatotkacha
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enGhatotkacha sa-Devaघटोत्कच sa-LatnGhaṭotkaca
Hidden labels	enGhatotkach
Definition	Rakshasa son of Bhima and Hidimbi, whose night attack on day 14 forced Karna to spend on him the weapon from Indra he had kept for Arjuna.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Children of the Pandavas Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras › Rakshasas
Child of	Bhima, Hidimbi
Killed by	Karna
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Alambusha
Fell on war day	day 14 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Ghatotkacha`, Wikidata `Q1976196`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Ghatotkacha

Character Hanuman`mbh:hanuman` हनुमत् · Hanumat§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#hanuman
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enHanuman sa-Devaहनुमत् sa-LatnHanumat
Alternative labels	enAnjaneya, Maruti sa-Devaहनुमान् sa-LatnHanumān, Māruti, Āñjaneya
Hidden labels	enHanumaan, Hanumanta
Definition	The monkey god of the Ramayana, son of Vayu and so brother of Bhima; he humbles Bhima in the forest by asking him to lift his tail, and rides on Arjuna's banner through the war.
Note	Counted among the immortals (chiranjivis).
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Deities and celestial beings
Child of	Vayu
Member of	Immortals (chiranjivis) among the characters
Exact match	DBpedia `Hanuman`, Wikidata `Q188618`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Hanuman

Character Hidimba`mbh:hidimba` हिडिम्ब · Hiḍimba§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#hidimba
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enHidimba sa-Devaहिडिम्ब sa-LatnHiḍimba
Hidden labels	enHidimb, Hidimbasura
Definition	Man-eating rakshasa of the forest the Pandavas entered after the house of lac; he sent his sister Hidimbi to fetch the sleepers and was killed by Bhima when she fell in love with him instead.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras › Rakshasas
Sibling of	Hidimbi
Killed by	Bhima
Exact match	DBpedia `Hidimba`, Wikidata `Q122430`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Hidimba

Character Hidimbi`mbh:hidimbi` हिडिम्बा · Hiḍimbā§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#hidimbi
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enHidimbi sa-Devaहिडिम्बा sa-LatnHiḍimbā
Alternative labels	enHidimba (rakshasi)
Hidden labels	enHidimbaa, Hidimvi
Definition	Rakshasa woman, sister of Hidimba, who fell in love with Bhima after the escape from the house of lac, married him and bore Ghatotkacha.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Consorts of the Pandavas Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras › Rakshasas
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Ghatotkacha
Spouse of	Bhima
Sibling of	Hidimba
Exact match	DBpedia `Hidimbi`, Wikidata `Q2472701`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Hidimbi

Character Indra`mbh:indra` इन्द्र · Indra§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#indra
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enIndra sa-Devaइन्द्र sa-LatnIndra
Alternative labels	enPurandara, Shakra, Vasava sa-Devaशक्र sa-LatnVāsava, Śakra
Definition	King of the gods and father of Arjuna, whom he hosts in heaven during the exile; disguised as a Brahmin he takes Karna's armour and earrings in exchange for a spear that can be used only once.
Note	He fought Arjuna and Krishna at the burning of the Khandava forest to protect his friend Takshaka's home. The Pandavas' capital Indraprastha is named after him.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Deities and celestial beings
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Arjuna
Exact match	DBpedia `Indra`, Wikidata `Q128335`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Indra

Character Iravan`mbh:iravan` इरावत् · Irāvat§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#iravan
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enIravan sa-Devaइरावत् sa-LatnIrāvat
Alternative labels	enAravan sa-Devaइरावान् sa-LatnIrāvān
Hidden labels	enIravat
Definition	Son of Arjuna and the Naga Ulupi, who fought for the Pandavas and was killed by the rakshasa Alambusha on day 8.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Children of the Pandavas
Child of	Arjuna, Ulupi
Killed by	Alambusha
Fell on war day	day 8 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Iravan`, Wikidata `Q2044664`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Iravan

Character Janamejaya`mbh:janamejaya` जनमेजय · Janamejaya§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#janamejaya
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enJanamejaya sa-Devaजनमेजय sa-LatnJanamejaya
Hidden labels	enJanmejay, Janmejaya
Definition	Son of Parikshit, who held the snake sacrifice to avenge his father's death; the Mahabharata is recited to him there by Vaishampayana.
Note	The sage Astika persuaded him to stop the sacrifice before Takshaka burned.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: kings after the war
Child of	Parikshit
Member of	The narrative frame of the Mahabharata
Exact match	DBpedia `Janamejaya`, Wikidata `Q616654`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Janamejaya

Character Jarasandha`mbh:jarasandha` जरासन्ध · Jarāsandha§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#jarasandha
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enJarasandha sa-Devaजरासन्ध sa-LatnJarāsandha
Hidden labels	enJarasandh
Definition	King of Magadha who imprisoned kings for a human sacrifice; Bhima killed him in a wrestling match on Krishna's advice, which freed the kings and opened the way to Yudhishthira's royal consecration.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Magadha
Killed by	Bhima
Exact match	DBpedia `Jarasandha`, Wikidata `Q2723062`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Jarasandha

Character Jatasura`mbh:jatasura` जटासुर · Jaṭāsura§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#jatasura
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enJatasura sa-Devaजटासुर sa-LatnJaṭāsura
Hidden labels	enJatasur
Definition	Rakshasa who lived with the Pandavas in exile disguised as a Brahmin, carried off Draupadi, Yudhishthira and the twins while Bhima was away, and was killed by Bhima.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras › Rakshasas
Killed by	Bhima
Exact match	DBpedia `Jatasura`, Wikidata `Q6164511`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Jatasura

Character Jayadratha`mbh:jayadratha` जयद्रथ · Jayadratha§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#jayadratha
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enJayadratha sa-Devaजयद्रथ sa-LatnJayadratha
Hidden labels	enJayadrath
Definition	King of Sindhu and husband of Dussala, who abducted Draupadi during the exile and was spared; a boon from Shiva let him hold off four Pandavas on day 13 while Abhimanyu died, and Arjuna killed him at sunset on day 14.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Sindhu
Spouse of	Dussala
Killed by	Arjuna
Fell on war day	day 14 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Jayadratha`, Wikidata `Q2381146`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Jayadratha

Character Karna`mbh:karna` कर्ण · Karṇa§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#karna
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enKarna sa-Devaकर्ण sa-LatnKarṇa
Alternative labels	enAngaraja, Radheya, Sutaputra, Vaikartana, Vasusena sa-Devaराधेय, वसुषेण sa-LatnRādheya, Vaikartana, Vasuṣeṇa
Hidden labels	enKarn, Karnan
Definition	Son of Kunti by the sun god Surya, born before her marriage and set adrift; raised by the charioteer Adhiratha and his wife Radha, made king of Anga by Duryodhana, and the Pandavas' greatest opponent, killed by Arjuna on day 17.
Note	He was born with armour and earrings that made him invulnerable, which he gave to Indra in exchange for a single-use spear; he spent the spear on Ghatotkacha. Parashurama taught him and then cursed him to forget the supreme weapon at the hour of need. He promised Kunti to spare all her sons but Arjuna. He commanded the Kaurava army on days 16 and 17 and died while lifting his chariot wheel from the mud.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Anga Sutas
Child of	Kunti, Surya
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Vrishasena
Foster child of	Adhiratha, Radha (foster mother of Karna)
Student of	Drona, Parashurama
Killed by	Arjuna
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Ghatotkacha
Has charioteer inferred from `mbhx:charioteerOf`	Shalya
Friend of	Duryodhana
Rival of	Arjuna
Cursed by inferred from `mbhx:cursed`	Parashurama
Fell on war day	day 17 of 18
Member of	Commanders-in-chief of the Kaurava army, in sequence (3 of 5) Children of Kunti Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Karna`, Wikidata `Q2727397`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Karna

Character Kichaka`mbh:kichaka` कीचक · Kīcaka§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kichaka
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enKichaka sa-Devaकीचक sa-LatnKīcaka
Hidden labels	enKeechak, Keechaka
Definition	Commander of the Matsya army and brother of Queen Sudeshna, who pursued Draupadi during her disguise and was killed by Bhima in the dancing hall at night.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Matsya
Sibling of	Sudeshna
Killed by	Bhima
Exact match	DBpedia `Kichaka`, Wikidata `Q2382488`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Kichaka

Character Kirmira`mbh:kirmira` किर्मीर · Kirmīra§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kirmira
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enKirmira sa-Devaकिर्मीर sa-LatnKirmīra
Hidden labels	enKirmeera
Definition	Rakshasa of the Kamyaka forest, brother of Bakasura and friend of Hidimba, who sought revenge on Bhima at the start of the exile and was killed by him.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras › Rakshasas
Sibling of	Bakasura
Killed by	Bhima
Exact match	DBpedia `Kirmira`, Wikidata `Q6415922`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Kirmira

Character Kripa`mbh:kripa` कृप · Kṛpa§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kripa
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enKripa sa-Devaकृप sa-LatnKṛpa
Alternative labels	enKripacharya, Sharadvata sa-Devaकृपाचार्य sa-LatnKṛpācārya, Śāradvata
Hidden labels	enKripacharya Sharadvan, Krupa
Definition	Son of the sage Sharadvan, raised at Shantanu's court with his sister Kripi; first teacher of the Kuru princes, who fought for the Kauravas, survived the war with Ashwatthama and Kritavarma, and later taught Parikshit.
Note	Counted among the immortals (chiranjivis).
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages › Brahmin warriors of the Kuru court
Sibling of	Kripi
Teacher of inferred from `mbhx:studentOf`	Parikshit
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side Survivors of the Kurukshetra war Immortals (chiranjivis) among the characters
Exact match	DBpedia `Kripa`, Wikidata `Q2044671`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Kripa

Character Kripi`mbh:kripi` कृपी · Kṛpī§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kripi
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enKripi sa-Devaकृपी sa-LatnKṛpī
Definition	Sister of Kripa, wife of Drona and mother of Ashwatthama.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages › Brahmin warriors of the Kuru court
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Ashwatthama
Spouse of	Drona
Sibling of	Kripa
Exact match	Wikidata `Q106948922`
See also	Wikipedia: List of characters in the Mahabharata

Character Krishna`mbh:krishna` कृष्ण · Kṛṣṇa§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#krishna
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enKrishna sa-Devaकृष्ण sa-LatnKṛṣṇa
Alternative labels	enAchyuta, Govinda, Hrishikesha, Janardana, Keshava, Madhava, Madhusudana, Parthasarathi, Varshneya sa-Devaकेशव, गोविन्द, माधव, वासुदेव sa-LatnGovinda, Hṛṣīkeśa, Janārdana, Keśava, Mādhava, Vāsudeva
Hidden labels	enKanha, Krishn, Krsna, Shri Krishna
Definition	Prince of the Yadavas, son of Vasudeva, avatar of Vishnu, cousin and counsellor of the Pandavas and Arjuna's charioteer in the war, who speaks the Bhagavad Gita.
Note	Kunti is his father's sister. He protected Draupadi at the dice game, killed Shishupala at Yudhishthira's consecration, went to Hastinapura as the Pandavas' envoy before the war, and cursed Ashwatthama after the night raid. Gandhari's curse brought the destruction of his clan thirty-six years after the war; he died when the hunter Jara's arrow struck his foot.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Yadavas Deities and celestial beings
Child of	Vasudeva
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Ekalavya, Shishupala
Charioteer of	Arjuna
Avatar of	Vishnu
Friend of	Arjuna, Draupadi
Cursed	Ashwatthama
Cursed by inferred from `mbhx:cursed`	Gandhari
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side Survivors of the Kurukshetra war
Exact match	DBpedia `Krishna`, Wikidata `Q42891`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Krishna

Character Kritavarma`mbh:kritavarma` कृतवर्मन् · Kṛtavarman§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kritavarma
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enKritavarma sa-Devaकृतवर्मन् sa-LatnKṛtavarman
Alternative labels	sa-Devaकृतवर्मा sa-LatnKṛtavarmā
Hidden labels	enKritavarman, Kritverma
Definition	Bhoja king of the Yadavas who fought for the Kauravas, took part with Ashwatthama and Kripa in the night raid on the Pandava camp, and survived the war; Satyaki killed him in the Yadava brawl at Prabhasa.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Yadavas
Killed by	Satyaki
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side Survivors of the Kurukshetra war
Exact match	DBpedia `Kritavarma`, Wikidata `Q2669309`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Kritavarma

Character Kunti`mbh:kunti` कुन्ती · Kuntī§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kunti
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enKunti sa-Devaकुन्ती sa-LatnKuntī
Alternative labels	enPritha sa-Devaपृथा sa-LatnPṛthā
Hidden labels	enKunthi
Definition	Daughter of the Yadava Shurasena, raised by Kuntibhoja; first wife of Pandu and mother of Karna by Surya before her marriage, and of Yudhishthira, Bhima and Arjuna by the gods Dharma, Vayu and Indra.
Note	The sage Durvasa gave her a mantra to summon any god for a son. She shared it with Madri. She raised the five brothers after Pandu's death and died in the forest fire with Dhritarashtra and Gandhari.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: generation of Pandu Yadavas
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Arjuna, Bhima, Karna, Yudhishthira
Foster child of	Kuntibhoja
Spouse of	Pandu
Sibling of	Vasudeva
Student of	Durvasa
Exact match	DBpedia `Kunti`, Wikidata `Q844424`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Kunti

Character Kuntibhoja`mbh:kuntibhoja` कुन्तिभोज · Kuntibhoja§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#kuntibhoja
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enKuntibhoja sa-Devaकुन्तिभोज sa-LatnKuntibhoja
Hidden labels	enKunti-Bhoja
Definition	Childless cousin of Shurasena who adopted Shurasena's daughter Pritha, thereafter called Kunti; the sage Durvasa gave her the mantra for sons while a guest at his court.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Yadavas
Foster parent of inferred from `mbhx:fosterChildOf`	Kunti
Exact match	Wikidata `Q4210132`
See also	Wikipedia: List of characters in the Mahabharata

Character Lakshmana Kumara`mbh:lakshmana-kumara` लक्ष्मण कुमार · Lakṣmaṇa Kumāra§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#lakshmana-kumara
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enLakshmana Kumara sa-Devaलक्ष्मण कुमार sa-LatnLakṣmaṇa Kumāra
Alternative labels	enLakshmana (son of Duryodhana)
Hidden labels	enLakshman Kumar
Definition	Son of Duryodhana, killed by Abhimanyu inside Drona's circular battle formation on day 13.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Children of the Kauravas
Child of	Duryodhana
Killed by	Abhimanyu
Fell on war day	day 13 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Lakshmana_(Mahabharata)`, Wikidata `Q6505158`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Lakshmana (Mahabharata)

Character Madri`mbh:madri` माद्री · Mādrī§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#madri
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enMadri sa-Devaमाद्री sa-LatnMādrī
Hidden labels	enMaadri
Definition	Princess of Madra, sister of Shalya and second wife of Pandu; mother of the twins Nakula and Sahadeva by the Ashvins.
Note	Pandu died in her arms, breaking Kindama's curse; she followed him onto the pyre and left the twins to Kunti.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: generation of Pandu Other royal houses › Royal house of Madra
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Nakula, Sahadeva
Spouse of	Pandu
Sibling of	Shalya
Exact match	DBpedia `Madri`, Wikidata `Q1770690`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Madri

Character Markandeya`mbh:markandeya` मार्कण्डेय · Mārkaṇḍeya§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#markandeya
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enMarkandeya sa-Devaमार्कण्डेय sa-LatnMārkaṇḍeya
Hidden labels	enMarkandey
Definition	Long-lived sage who visits the Pandavas in the forest and tells them the stories of Rama, of Savitri and of the ages of the world.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages › Sages
Exact match	DBpedia `Markandeya`, Wikidata `Q249381`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Markandeya

Character Maya`mbh:maya` मय · Maya§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#maya
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enMaya sa-Devaमय sa-LatnMaya
Alternative labels	enMaya Danava, Mayasura sa-Devaमयासुर sa-LatnMayāsura
Hidden labels	enMaya the architect
Definition	Architect of the Danavas, spared by Arjuna at the burning of the Khandava forest, who built the Pandavas' assembly hall at Indraprastha in gratitude; Duryodhana's humiliation in that hall led to the dice game.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras › Asuras and Danavas
Exact match	DBpedia `Mayasura`, Wikidata `Q2723049`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Mayasura

Character Nakula`mbh:nakula` नकुल · Nakula§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#nakula
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enNakula sa-Devaनकुल sa-LatnNakula
Alternative labels	enGranthika
Hidden labels	enNakul
Definition	Fourth Pandava, elder twin son of Madri and the Ashvins, famed for his beauty, horsemanship and swordsmanship.
Note	At Virata's court he served as the horse keeper Granthika. He fought Karna on day 17 and was spared because of Karna's promise to Kunti.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Pandavas
Child of	Ashvins, Madri, Pandu
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Shatanika
Spouse of	Draupadi
Student of	Drona
Member of	The five Pandavas in order of birth (4 of 5) Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side Survivors of the Kurukshetra war The disguises at Virata's court
Exact match	DBpedia `Nakula`, Wikidata `Q1978476`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Nakula

Character Narada`mbh:narada` नारद · Nārada§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#narada
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enNarada sa-Devaनारद sa-LatnNārada
Hidden labels	enNarad, Narada Muni
Definition	Divine sage who moves between gods and men; he told the Pandavas the story of the brothers Sunda and Upasunda so that they would agree on rules for sharing Draupadi, and advised Yudhishthira on the royal consecration.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages › Sages
Exact match	DBpedia `Narada`, Wikidata `Q844066`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Narada

Character Pandu`mbh:pandu` पाण्डु · Pāṇḍu§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#pandu
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enPandu sa-Devaपाण्डु sa-LatnPāṇḍu
Hidden labels	enPandu of Hastinapura
Definition	Son of Vyasa and Ambalika, king of Hastinapura before Dhritarashtra, husband of Kunti and Madri, and father of the five Pandavas.
Note	Cursed by the sage Kindama, whom he shot while the sage was in the form of a deer, to die if he ever lay with a woman, he withdrew to the forest. His sons were born through the gods Kunti invoked and count as his by niyoga. He died embracing Madri.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: generation of Pandu
Child of	Ambalika, Vichitravirya, Vyasa
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Arjuna, Bhima, Nakula, Sahadeva, Yudhishthira
Spouse of	Kunti, Madri
Exact match	DBpedia `Pandu`, Wikidata `Q857071`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Pandu

Character Parashurama`mbh:parashurama` परशुराम · Paraśurāma§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#parashurama
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enParashurama sa-Devaपरशुराम sa-LatnParaśurāma
Alternative labels	enBhargava Rama, Rama Jamadagnya sa-Devaभार्गव sa-LatnBhārgava, Rāma Jāmadagnya
Hidden labels	enParasurama, Parshuram
Definition	Warrior sage with the axe, sixth avatar of Vishnu, teacher of Bhishma, Drona and Karna; he fought Bhishma for Amba's sake without result and cursed Karna, who had hidden his birth from him.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages › Sages
Teacher of inferred from `mbhx:studentOf`	Bhishma, Drona, Karna
Avatar of	Vishnu
Cursed	Karna
Member of	Immortals (chiranjivis) among the characters
Exact match	DBpedia `Parashurama`, Wikidata `Q825682`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Parashurama

Character Parikshit`mbh:parikshit` परीक्षित् · Parīkṣit§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#parikshit
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enParikshit sa-Devaपरीक्षित् sa-LatnParīkṣit
Hidden labels	enParikshita, Pariksit
Definition	Son of Abhimanyu and Uttara, born after the war and revived by Krishna after Ashwatthama's weapon had struck him in the womb; he succeeded Yudhishthira and died of the serpent Takshaka's bite.
Note	A sage's son cursed him to die within seven days after he insulted the sage; Takshaka carried out the curse.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: kings after the war
Child of	Abhimanyu, Uttara (princess of Matsya)
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Janamejaya
Student of	Kripa
Killed by	Takshaka
Exact match	DBpedia `Parikshit`, Wikidata `Q2046277`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Parikshit

Character Prativindhya`mbh:prativindhya` प्रतिविन्ध्य · Prativindhya§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#prativindhya
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enPrativindhya sa-Devaप्रतिविन्ध्य sa-LatnPrativindhya
Definition	Eldest of Draupadi's sons, by Yudhishthira; killed in his sleep by Ashwatthama in the night raid after the war.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Children of the Pandavas › Upapandavas
Child of	Draupadi, Yudhishthira
Killed by	Ashwatthama
Fell on war day	day 18 of 18
Member of	The sons of Draupadi in the order of their fathers' birth (1 of 5) Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
See also	Wikipedia: Draupadeyas

Character Radha (foster mother of Karna)`mbh:radha` राधा · Rādhā§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#radha
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRadha (foster mother of Karna) sa-Devaराधा sa-LatnRādhā
Definition	Wife of the charioteer Adhiratha and foster mother of Karna, who is called Radheya after her.
Scope note	Not the Radha of the Krishna legends, who does not appear in the Mahabharata.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Sutas
Foster parent of inferred from `mbhx:fosterChildOf`	Karna
Spouse of	Adhiratha
See also	Wikipedia: List of characters in the Mahabharata

Character Rukmi`mbh:rukmi` रुक्मिन् · Rukmin§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#rukmi
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enRukmi sa-Devaरुक्मिन् sa-LatnRukmin
Alternative labels	sa-Devaरुक्मी sa-LatnRukmī
Hidden labels	enRukmin
Definition	King of Vidarbha and brother of Krishna's wife Rukmini, who offered his army to each side in turn with such boasting that both refused him; with Balarama he is one of the two warriors who took no part in the war.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Vidarbha
Member of	Warriors who took no part in the war
Exact match	DBpedia `Rukmi`, Wikidata `Q2601106`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Rukmi

Character Sahadeva`mbh:sahadeva` सहदेव · Sahadeva§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#sahadeva
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enSahadeva sa-Devaसहदेव sa-LatnSahadeva
Alternative labels	enTantipala
Hidden labels	enSahadev
Definition	Youngest Pandava, twin son of Madri and the Ashvins, learned in astrology and the scriptures; he kills Shakuni and Uluka on the last day of the war.
Note	At Virata's court he served as the cowherd Tantipala. He had vowed to kill Shakuni for the dice game.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Pandavas
Child of	Ashvins, Madri, Pandu
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Shrutasena
Spouse of	Draupadi
Student of	Drona
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Shakuni, Uluka
Member of	The five Pandavas in order of birth (5 of 5) Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side Survivors of the Kurukshetra war The disguises at Virata's court
Exact match	DBpedia `Sahadeva`, Wikidata `Q2044641`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Sahadeva

Character Sanjaya`mbh:sanjaya` सञ्जय · Sañjaya§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#sanjaya
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enSanjaya sa-Devaसञ्जय sa-LatnSañjaya
Alternative labels	enGavalgani sa-LatnGāvalgaṇi
Hidden labels	enSanjay
Definition	Son of Gavalgana, charioteer, minister and envoy of Dhritarashtra, to whom he narrates the eighteen days of the war with the divine sight Vyasa granted him; the Bhagavad Gita reaches the reader in his words.
Note	Before the war he carried Dhritarashtra's message to the Pandavas. Satyaki captured him on the last day and Vyasa secured his release. He went with Dhritarashtra into the forest and survived the fire.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Sutas
Charioteer of	Dhritarashtra
Member of	The narrative frame of the Mahabharata
Exact match	DBpedia `Sanjaya`, Wikidata `Q2389469`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Sanjaya

Character Satyaki`mbh:satyaki` सात्यकि · Sātyaki§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#satyaki
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enSatyaki sa-Devaसात्यकि sa-LatnSātyaki
Alternative labels	enShaineya, Yuyudhana sa-Devaयुयुधान sa-LatnYuyudhāna, Śaineya
Hidden labels	enSatyaki Yuyudhana
Definition	Vrishni warrior, grandson of Shini and student of Arjuna, who fought for the Pandavas and beheaded Bhurishravas while he sat in meditation after losing his arm; one of the survivors of the war.
Note	He died in the brawl at Prabhasa that destroyed the Yadavas, after killing Kritavarma for his part in the night raid.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Yadavas
Student of	Arjuna
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Bhurishravas, Kritavarma, Somadatta
Rival of	Bhurishravas
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side Survivors of the Kurukshetra war
Exact match	DBpedia `Satyaki`, Wikidata `Q2381158`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Satyaki

Character Satyavati`mbh:satyavati` सत्यवती · Satyavatī§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#satyavati
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enSatyavati sa-Devaसत्यवती sa-LatnSatyavatī
Alternative labels	enDaseyi, Matsyagandha, Yojanagandha sa-Devaमत्स्यगन्धा sa-LatnMatsyagandhā
Hidden labels	enSatyawati
Definition	Daughter of the chief of the fishermen, mother of Vyasa by the sage Parashara before her marriage, queen of Shantanu, and mother of Chitrangada and Vichitravirya.
Note	When Vichitravirya died childless she called on Vyasa to father children with his widows, which produced Dhritarashtra, Pandu and Vidura.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Chitrangada (son of Shantanu), Vichitravirya, Vyasa
Spouse of	Shantanu
Exact match	DBpedia `Satyavati`, Wikidata `Q2044655`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Satyavati

Character Shakuni`mbh:shakuni` शकुनि · Śakuni§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#shakuni
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enShakuni sa-Devaशकुनि sa-LatnŚakuni
Alternative labels	enSaubala sa-Devaसौबल sa-LatnSaubala
Hidden labels	enSakuni, Shakuni Mama
Definition	Prince of Gandhara, son of Subala, brother of Gandhari and uncle of Duryodhana; he planned the house of lac and won the dice game for Duryodhana with loaded dice, and was killed by Sahadeva on the last day of the war.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Gandhara
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Uluka
Sibling of	Gandhari
Killed by	Sahadeva
Fell on war day	day 18 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Shakuni`, Wikidata `Q1992668`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Shakuni

Character Shalya`mbh:shalya` शल्य · Śalya§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#shalya
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enShalya sa-Devaशल्य sa-LatnŚalya
Hidden labels	enSalya, Shalya of Madra
Definition	King of Madra, brother of Madri and uncle of Nakula and Sahadeva, whom Duryodhana won over with lavish hospitality on his way to join the Pandavas; he drove Karna's chariot and commanded the Kaurava army on the last day, when Yudhishthira killed him.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Madra
Sibling of	Madri
Killed by	Yudhishthira
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Uttara (prince of Matsya)
Charioteer of	Karna
Fell on war day	day 18 of 18
Member of	Commanders-in-chief of the Kaurava army, in sequence (4 of 5) Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Shalya`, Wikidata `Q2381126`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Shalya

Character Shantanu`mbh:shantanu` शान्तनु · Śāntanu§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#shantanu
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enShantanu sa-Devaशान्तनु sa-LatnŚāntanu
Hidden labels	enSantanu, Shantanu of Hastinapura
Definition	King of Hastinapura, husband of the goddess Ganga and then of the fisherwoman Satyavati, and father of Bhishma, Chitrangada and Vichitravirya.
Note	Satyavati's father agreed to the marriage only on the promise that her son would inherit the throne. Devavrata, later Bhishma, gave up his claim and vowed lifelong celibacy to secure it.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Bhishma, Chitrangada (son of Shantanu), Vichitravirya
Spouse of	Ganga, Satyavati
Sibling of	Bahlika
Exact match	DBpedia `Shantanu`, Wikidata `Q1973947`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Shantanu

Character Shatanika`mbh:shatanika` शतानीक · Śatānīka§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#shatanika
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enShatanika sa-Devaशतानीक sa-LatnŚatānīka
Definition	Son of Draupadi by Nakula; killed in his sleep by Ashwatthama in the night raid after the war.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Children of the Pandavas › Upapandavas
Child of	Draupadi, Nakula
Killed by	Ashwatthama
Fell on war day	day 18 of 18
Member of	The sons of Draupadi in the order of their fathers' birth (4 of 5) Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
See also	Wikipedia: Draupadeyas

Character Shaunaka`mbh:shaunaka` शौनक · Śaunaka§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#shaunaka
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enShaunaka sa-Devaशौनक sa-LatnŚaunaka
Hidden labels	enSaunaka
Definition	Head of the sages at the twelve-year sacrifice in the Naimisha forest, to whom the bard Ugrashravas recites the epic as he heard it at Janamejaya's sacrifice; the outer frame of the narration.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages › Sages
Member of	The narrative frame of the Mahabharata
Exact match	DBpedia `Shaunaka`, Wikidata `Q2073479`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Shaunaka

Character Shikhandi`mbh:shikhandi` शिखण्डिन् · Śikhaṇḍin§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#shikhandi
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enShikhandi sa-Devaशिखण्डिन् sa-LatnŚikhaṇḍin
Alternative labels	enShikhandini sa-Devaशिखण्डिनी, शिखण्डी sa-LatnŚikhaṇḍinī, Śikhaṇḍī
Hidden labels	enShikhandin, Sikhandi
Definition	Child of Drupada, born a girl as the rebirth of Amba and later made a man by exchanging sex with a yaksha; Bhishma refused to fight him, and Arjuna shot Bhishma down from behind him on day 10.
Note	Killed by Ashwatthama in the night raid after the war.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Royal house of Panchala
Child of	Drupada
Killed by	Ashwatthama
Rebirth of	Amba
Fell on war day	day 18 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Shikhandi`, Wikidata `Q2357063`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Shikhandi

Character Shishupala`mbh:shishupala` शिशुपाल · Śiśupāla§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#shishupala
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enShishupala sa-Devaशिशुपाल sa-LatnŚiśupāla
Hidden labels	enShishupal, Sisupala
Definition	King of Chedi and Krishna's cousin, who insulted Krishna at Yudhishthira's royal consecration until he exhausted the hundred insults Krishna had promised to forgive, and was killed with the discus.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Chedi
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Dhrishtaketu
Killed by	Krishna
Exact match	DBpedia `Shishupala`, Wikidata `Q2978464`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Shishupala

Character Shiva`mbh:shiva` शिव · Śiva§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#shiva
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enShiva sa-Devaशिव sa-LatnŚiva
Alternative labels	enMahadeva, Rudra, Shankara sa-Devaमहादेव sa-LatnMahādeva, Rudra
Hidden labels	enShiv, Siva
Definition	God who tests Arjuna in the form of a mountain hunter and gives him the Pashupata weapon, grants Jayadratha the boon that holds the Pandavas back on day 13, grants Amba the promise of her revenge, and lends Ashwatthama his power for the night raid.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Deities and celestial beings
Exact match	DBpedia `Shiva`, Wikidata `Q11378`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Shiva

Character Shrutakarma`mbh:shrutakarma` श्रुतकर्मन् · Śrutakarman§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#shrutakarma
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enShrutakarma sa-Devaश्रुतकर्मन् sa-LatnŚrutakarman
Alternative labels	enShrutakirti sa-Devaश्रुतकर्मा sa-LatnŚrutakarmā
Definition	Son of Draupadi by Arjuna; killed in his sleep by Ashwatthama in the night raid after the war.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Children of the Pandavas › Upapandavas
Child of	Arjuna, Draupadi
Killed by	Ashwatthama
Fell on war day	day 18 of 18
Member of	The sons of Draupadi in the order of their fathers' birth (3 of 5) Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
See also	Wikipedia: Draupadeyas

Character Shrutasena`mbh:shrutasena` श्रुतसेन · Śrutasena§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#shrutasena
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enShrutasena sa-Devaश्रुतसेन sa-LatnŚrutasena
Definition	Son of Draupadi by Sahadeva; killed in his sleep by Ashwatthama in the night raid after the war.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Children of the Pandavas › Upapandavas
Child of	Draupadi, Sahadeva
Killed by	Ashwatthama
Fell on war day	day 18 of 18
Member of	The sons of Draupadi in the order of their fathers' birth (5 of 5) Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
See also	Wikipedia: Draupadeyas

Character Somadatta`mbh:somadatta` सोमदत्त · Somadatta§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#somadatta
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enSomadatta sa-Devaसोमदत्त sa-LatnSomadatta
Definition	Son of Bahlika and father of Bhurishravas, who fought for the Kauravas and was killed by Satyaki on day 14.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Bahlika
Child of	Bahlika
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Bhurishravas
Killed by	Satyaki
Fell on war day	day 14 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
See also	Wikipedia: List of characters in the Mahabharata

Character Subhadra`mbh:subhadra` सुभद्रा · Subhadrā§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#subhadra
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enSubhadra sa-Devaसुभद्रा sa-LatnSubhadrā
Definition	Daughter of Vasudeva and sister of Krishna and Balarama, who eloped with Arjuna with Krishna's connivance; mother of Abhimanyu.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Consorts of the Pandavas Yadavas
Child of	Vasudeva
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Abhimanyu
Spouse of	Arjuna
Exact match	DBpedia `Subhadra`, Wikidata `Q1982348`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Subhadra

Character Sudakshina`mbh:sudakshina` सुदक्षिण · Sudakṣiṇa§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#sudakshina
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enSudakshina sa-Devaसुदक्षिण sa-LatnSudakṣiṇa
Definition	King of the Kambojas who fought for the Kauravas; Arjuna killed him on day 14 on the way to Jayadratha.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Kamboja
Killed by	Arjuna
Fell on war day	day 14 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Sudakshina`, Wikidata `Q7633279`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Sudakshina

Character Sudeshna`mbh:sudeshna` सुदेष्णा · Sudeṣṇā§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#sudeshna
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enSudeshna sa-Devaसुदेष्णा sa-LatnSudeṣṇā
Definition	Queen of Matsya, wife of Virata and sister of Kichaka, who took Draupadi into her service as the maid Sairandhri.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Matsya
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Uttara (prince of Matsya), Uttara (princess of Matsya)
Spouse of	Virata
Sibling of	Kichaka
Exact match	DBpedia `Sudeshna`, Wikidata `Q15290894`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Sudeshna

Character Surya`mbh:surya` सूर्य · Sūrya§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#surya
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enSurya sa-Devaसूर्य sa-LatnSūrya
Alternative labels	enAditya, Vivasvan sa-Devaआदित्य sa-LatnĀditya
Definition	The sun god, father of Karna by Kunti, who gave Yudhishthira the inexhaustible vessel for the exile and warned Karna of Indra's trick.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Deities and celestial beings
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Karna
Exact match	DBpedia `Surya`, Wikidata `Q204418`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Surya

Character Susharma`mbh:susharma` सुशर्मन् · Suśarman§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#susharma
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enSusharma sa-Devaसुशर्मन् sa-LatnSuśarman
Alternative labels	sa-Devaसुशर्मा sa-LatnSuśarmā
Hidden labels	enSusharman, Sushurma
Definition	King of Trigarta who raided Virata's cattle and in the war led the Samsaptakas, sworn to kill Arjuna or die, to draw Arjuna away from the main battle; Arjuna killed him on day 18.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Trigarta
Killed by	Arjuna
Fell on war day	day 18 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Susharma`, Wikidata `Q25927082`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Susharma

Character Sutasoma`mbh:sutasoma` सुतसोम · Sutasoma§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#sutasoma
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enSutasoma sa-Devaसुतसोम sa-LatnSutasoma
Definition	Son of Draupadi by Bhima; killed in his sleep by Ashwatthama in the night raid after the war.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Children of the Pandavas › Upapandavas
Child of	Bhima, Draupadi
Killed by	Ashwatthama
Fell on war day	day 18 of 18
Member of	The sons of Draupadi in the order of their fathers' birth (2 of 5) Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
See also	Wikipedia: Draupadeyas

Character Takshaka`mbh:takshaka` तक्षक · Takṣaka§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#takshaka
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enTakshaka sa-Devaतक्षक sa-LatnTakṣaka
Hidden labels	enTaksaka, Takshak
Definition	Serpent king and friend of Indra, who lived in the Khandava forest before Arjuna burned it; he killed Parikshit to fulfil a sage's curse, and Astika saved him from Janamejaya's snake sacrifice.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras › Nagas
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Parikshit
Exact match	DBpedia `Takshaka`, Wikidata `Q2633766`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Takshaka

Character Ugrashravas`mbh:ugrashravas` उग्रश्रवस् · Ugraśravas§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#ugrashravas
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enUgrashravas sa-Devaउग्रश्रवस् sa-LatnUgraśravas
Alternative labels	enSauti, Ugrashravas Sauti sa-Devaसौति sa-LatnSauti
Hidden labels	enSouti, Ugrasrava, Ugrasravas
Definition	Bard, son of the suta Lomaharshana, who recites the whole Mahabharata to Shaunaka and the sages of the Naimisha forest as he heard it from Vaishampayana at Janamejaya's sacrifice; the outermost narrator of the epic.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Sutas
Member of	The narrative frame of the Mahabharata
Exact match	DBpedia `Ugrashravas`, Wikidata `Q2075682`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Ugrashravas

Character Uluka`mbh:uluka` उलूक · Ulūka§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#uluka
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enUluka sa-Devaउलूक sa-LatnUlūka
Definition	Son of Shakuni, sent by Duryodhana to the Pandava camp on the eve of the war to deliver his insults; killed by Sahadeva on the last day.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Gandhara
Child of	Shakuni
Killed by	Sahadeva
Fell on war day	day 18 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Uluka`, Wikidata `Q7880794`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Uluka

Character Ulupi`mbh:ulupi` उलूपी · Ulūpī§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#ulupi
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enUlupi sa-Devaउलूपी sa-LatnUlūpī
Hidden labels	enUloopi
Definition	Naga princess, daughter of the serpent king Kauravya, who married Arjuna during his pilgrimage and bore Iravan; she later restored Arjuna to life after Babruvahana killed him.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Consorts of the Pandavas Rakshasas, Nagas and Asuras › Nagas
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Iravan
Spouse of	Arjuna
Exact match	DBpedia `Ulupi`, Wikidata `Q2723089`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Ulupi

Character Urvashi`mbh:urvashi` उर्वशी · Urvaśī§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#urvashi
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enUrvashi sa-Devaउर्वशी sa-LatnUrvaśī
Hidden labels	enUrvasi
Definition	Celestial nymph who desired Arjuna in Indra's heaven; when he refused her as an ancestress of his line she cursed him to lose his manhood, a curse Indra reduced to the one year Arjuna spent as Brihannala.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Deities and celestial beings
Cursed	Arjuna
Exact match	DBpedia `Urvashi`, Wikidata `Q2307799`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Urvashi

Character Uttamaujas`mbh:uttamaujas` उत्तमौजस् · Uttamaujas§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#uttamaujas
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enUttamaujas sa-Devaउत्तमौजस् sa-LatnUttamaujas
Definition	Panchala prince who, with Yudhamanyu, guarded the wheels of Arjuna's chariot through the war; killed by Ashwatthama in the night raid.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Royal house of Panchala
Killed by	Ashwatthama
Fell on war day	day 18 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
Close match	Wikidata `Q15645224`
See also	Wikipedia: List of characters in the Mahabharata

Character Uttara (prince of Matsya)`mbh:uttara` उत्तर · Uttara§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#uttara
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enUttara (prince of Matsya) sa-Devaउत्तर sa-LatnUttara
Alternative labels	enBhuminjaya sa-Devaभूमिञ्जय sa-LatnBhūmiñjaya
Hidden labels	enUttar, Uttara Kumara
Definition	Prince of Matsya, son of Virata and Sudeshna, who drove Arjuna's chariot against the Kaurava cattle raid when Arjuna was still disguised as Brihannala; killed by Shalya on the first day of the war.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Matsya
Child of	Sudeshna, Virata
Killed by	Shalya
Charioteer of	Arjuna
Fell on war day	day 1 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Uttara_(Mahabharata)`, Wikidata `Q4209828`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Uttara (Mahabharata)

Character Uttara (princess of Matsya)`mbh:uttaraa` उत्तरा · Uttarā§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#uttaraa
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enUttara (princess of Matsya) sa-Devaउत्तरा sa-LatnUttarā
Hidden labels	enUttaraa
Definition	Princess of Matsya, daughter of Virata and Sudeshna, wife of Abhimanyu and mother of Parikshit, born after his father's death.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Matsya
Child of	Sudeshna, Virata
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Parikshit
Spouse of	Abhimanyu
Exact match	DBpedia `Uttarā`, Wikidata `Q2389445`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Uttarā

Character Vaishampayana`mbh:vaishampayana` वैशम्पायन · Vaiśampāyana§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#vaishampayana
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enVaishampayana sa-Devaवैशम्पायन sa-LatnVaiśampāyana
Hidden labels	enVaisampayana, Vaishampayan
Definition	Disciple of Vyasa who recited the Mahabharata to King Janamejaya at the snake sacrifice; the inner frame of the epic's narration.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages › Sages
Student of	Vyasa
Member of	The narrative frame of the Mahabharata
Exact match	DBpedia `Vaisampayana`, Wikidata `Q2477603`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Vaisampayana

Character Vasudeva`mbh:vasudeva` वसुदेव · Vasudeva§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#vasudeva
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enVasudeva sa-Devaवसुदेव sa-LatnVasudeva
Alternative labels	enAnakadundubhi
Definition	Yadava prince, son of Shurasena and brother of Kunti; father of Balarama, Krishna and Subhadra.
Scope note	Distinct from Vāsudeva with a long first vowel, a patronymic name of Krishna.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Yadavas
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Balarama, Krishna, Subhadra
Sibling of	Kunti
Exact match	DBpedia `Vasudeva`, Wikidata `Q890382`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Vasudeva

Character Vayu`mbh:vayu` वायु · Vāyu§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#vayu
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enVayu sa-Devaवायु sa-LatnVāyu
Alternative labels	enMaruta, Pavana sa-Devaपवन sa-LatnPavana
Definition	The wind god, father of Bhima by Kunti and of Hanuman.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Deities and celestial beings
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Bhima, Hanuman
Exact match	DBpedia `Vayu`, Wikidata `Q473731`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Vayu

Character Vichitravirya`mbh:vichitravirya` विचित्रवीर्य · Vicitravīrya§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#vichitravirya
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enVichitravirya sa-Devaविचित्रवीर्य sa-LatnVicitravīrya
Hidden labels	enVichitraveerya
Definition	Younger son of Shantanu and Satyavati, king of Hastinapura after Chitrangada, married to Ambika and Ambalika, who died childless.
Note	By the custom of niyoga, the sons Vyasa fathered with his widows, Dhritarashtra and Pandu, and with their maid, Vidura, count as his.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu
Child of	Satyavati, Shantanu
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Dhritarashtra, Pandu, Vidura
Spouse of	Ambalika, Ambika
Exact match	DBpedia `Vichitravirya`, Wikidata `Q1987279`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Vichitravirya

Character Vidura`mbh:vidura` विदुर · Vidura§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#vidura
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enVidura sa-Devaविदुर sa-LatnVidura
Alternative labels	enKshatta
Hidden labels	enVidur
Definition	Son of Vyasa and a maid of the Kashi princesses, half-brother of Dhritarashtra and Pandu, and chief minister of Hastinapura, held to be the wisest man of the epic and an incarnation of the god Dharma.
Note	He warned the Pandavas of the house of lac and sent the miner who dug their escape tunnel. He protested the dice game and the treatment of Draupadi. He did not fight in the war.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › House of Kuru: generation of Pandu
Child of	Vichitravirya, Vyasa
Avatar of	Dharma
Exact match	DBpedia `Vidura`, Wikidata `Q2002511`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Vidura

Character Vikarna`mbh:vikarna` विकर्ण · Vikarṇa§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#vikarna
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enVikarna sa-Devaविकर्ण sa-LatnVikarṇa
Definition	A Kaurava who alone among his brothers spoke against the staking and humiliation of Draupadi at the dice game, and who still fought for Duryodhana; Bhima kills him with regret.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Kauravas
Child of	Dhritarashtra, Gandhari
Killed by	Bhima
Fell on war day	day 14 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Vikarna`, Wikidata `Q7929388`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Vikarna

Character Virata`mbh:virata` विराट · Virāṭa§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#virata
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enVirata sa-Devaविराट sa-LatnVirāṭa
Hidden labels	enVirat
Definition	King of Matsya, at whose court the Pandavas lived in disguise during the thirteenth year of exile; he fought for the Pandavas and was killed by Drona.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Matsya
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Uttara (prince of Matsya), Uttara (princess of Matsya)
Spouse of	Sudeshna
Killed by	Drona
Fell on war day	day 15 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Virata`, Wikidata `Q2978459`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Virata

Character Vishnu`mbh:vishnu` विष्णु · Viṣṇu§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#vishnu
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enVishnu sa-Devaविष्णु sa-LatnViṣṇu
Alternative labels	enHari, Narayana sa-Devaनारायण sa-LatnNārāyaṇa
Hidden labels	enBishnu, Visnu
Definition	The preserver god, present in the epic through his avatars Krishna and Parashurama and invoked as Narayana.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Deities and celestial beings
Has avatar inferred from `mbhx:avatarOf`	Krishna, Parashurama
Exact match	DBpedia `Vishnu`, Wikidata `Q11380`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Vishnu

Character Vrishasena`mbh:vrishasena` वृषसेन · Vṛṣasena§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#vrishasena
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enVrishasena sa-Devaवृषसेन sa-LatnVṛṣasena
Definition	Eldest son of Karna, killed by Arjuna before his father's eyes on day 17.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Other royal houses › Royal house of Anga
Child of	Karna
Killed by	Arjuna
Fell on war day	day 17 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Exact match	DBpedia `Vrishasena`, Wikidata `Q24054436`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Vrishasena

Character Vyasa`mbh:vyasa` व्यास · Vyāsa§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#vyasa
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enVyasa sa-Devaव्यास sa-LatnVyāsa
Alternative labels	enBadarayana, Krishna Dvaipayana, Veda Vyasa sa-Devaकृष्णद्वैपायन, वेदव्यास sa-LatnKṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana, Vedavyāsa
Hidden labels	enVed Vyas, Vyas
Definition	Sage, son of the sage Parashara and Satyavati, composer of the Mahabharata and a character in it: he fathers Dhritarashtra, Pandu and Vidura at Satyavati's request and returns at every turn of the story.
Note	He gave Sanjaya the divine sight with which to narrate the war to Dhritarashtra. By a tradition recorded in the first book, Ganesha wrote the poem down as Vyasa dictated it. His disciple Vaishampayana recited it at Janamejaya's snake sacrifice.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Brahmins and sages › Sages
Child of	Satyavati
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Dhritarashtra, Pandu, Vidura
Teacher of inferred from `mbhx:studentOf`	Vaishampayana
Member of	The narrative frame of the Mahabharata Immortals (chiranjivis) among the characters
Exact match	DBpedia `Vyasa`, Wikidata `Q330521`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Vyasa

Character Yudhamanyu`mbh:yudhamanyu` युधामन्यु · Yudhāmanyu§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#yudhamanyu
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enYudhamanyu sa-Devaयुधामन्यु sa-LatnYudhāmanyu
Definition	Panchala prince who, with Uttamaujas, guarded the wheels of Arjuna's chariot through the war; killed by Ashwatthama in the night raid.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	Royal house of Panchala
Killed by	Ashwatthama
Fell on war day	day 18 of 18
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side
Close match	Wikidata `Q15645224`
See also	Wikipedia: List of characters in the Mahabharata

Character Yudhishthira`mbh:yudhishthira` युधिष्ठिर · Yudhiṣṭhira§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#yudhishthira
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enYudhishthira sa-Devaयुधिष्ठिर sa-LatnYudhiṣṭhira
Alternative labels	enAjatashatru, Dharmaputra, Dharmaraja, Kanka sa-Devaधर्मराज sa-LatnAjātaśatru, Dharmarāja
Hidden labels	enDharmaraj, Yudhishthir, Yudhisthir, Yudhisthira
Definition	Eldest Pandava, son of Kunti and the god Dharma, known for his truthfulness; he loses the kingdom at dice, leads his brothers through exile and war, and rules Hastinapura after the victory.
Note	His royal consecration provoked Duryodhana's envy. He answered the questions of the Yaksha at the lake during the exile. At Virata's court he served as the courtier Kanka. He killed Shalya on day 18. On the final journey he alone reached heaven in the body, with a dog who was Dharma in disguise.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Pandavas
Child of	Dharma, Kunti, Pandu
Parent of inferred from `mbhx:childOf`	Prativindhya
Spouse of	Draupadi
Student of	Bhishma, Drona
Killed inferred from `mbhx:killedBy`	Shalya
Member of	The five Pandavas in order of birth (1 of 5) Children of Kunti Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side Survivors of the Kurukshetra war The disguises at Virata's court
Exact match	DBpedia `Yudhishthira`, Wikidata `Q983067`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Yudhishthira

Character Yuyutsu`mbh:yuyutsu` युयुत्सु · Yuyutsu§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#yuyutsu
Type	`mbhx:Character`, `skos:Concept`
Preferred label	enYuyutsu sa-Devaयुयुत्सु sa-LatnYuyutsu
Definition	Son of Dhritarashtra by a Vaishya woman of the household, and so half-brother of the Kauravas; he crossed to the Pandava side when the armies were drawn up and survived the war.
Note	After the war Yudhishthira left him as a guardian of Hastinapura for Parikshit.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Broader	House of Kuru › Kauravas
Child of	Dhritarashtra
Member of	Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side Survivors of the Kurukshetra war
Exact match	DBpedia `Yuyutsu`, Wikidata `Q2392426`
Primary topic of	Wikipedia: Yuyutsu

9. Cross-reference for collections

Collection The five Pandavas in order of birth`mbh:coll-pandavas-by-birth`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#coll-pandavas-by-birth
Type	`skos:OrderedCollection`
Preferred label	enThe five Pandavas in order of birth
Definition	Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadeva, eldest first. The twins Nakula and Sahadeva are born together; the epic names Nakula first.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Members (5, in order)	Yudhishthira Bhima Arjuna Nakula Sahadeva

Collection The sons of Draupadi in the order of their fathers' birth`mbh:coll-upapandavas-by-father`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#coll-upapandavas-by-father
Type	`skos:OrderedCollection`
Preferred label	enThe sons of Draupadi in the order of their fathers' birth
Definition	Prativindhya (by Yudhishthira), Sutasoma (Bhima), Shrutakarma (Arjuna), Shatanika (Nakula) and Shrutasena (Sahadeva).
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Members (5, in order)	Prativindhya Sutasoma Shrutakarma Shatanika Shrutasena

Collection Commanders-in-chief of the Kaurava army, in sequence`mbh:coll-kaurava-commanders`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#coll-kaurava-commanders
Type	`skos:OrderedCollection`
Preferred label	enCommanders-in-chief of the Kaurava army, in sequence
Definition	Bhishma (days 1 to 10), Drona (days 11 to 15), Karna (days 16 and 17), Shalya (day 18) and Ashwatthama (the night after day 18). Dhrishtadyumna commanded the Pandava army throughout.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Members (5, in order)	Bhishma Drona Karna Shalya Ashwatthama

Collection Children of Kunti`mbh:coll-children-of-kunti`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#coll-children-of-kunti
Type	`skos:Collection`
Preferred label	enChildren of Kunti
Alternative labels	enKaunteyas
Definition	Kunti's four sons: Karna, born before her marriage and raised by others, and the three elder Pandavas. Karna learns of the kinship only from Krishna and Kunti before the war.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Members (4)	Arjuna, Bhima, Karna, Yudhishthira

Collection Kurukshetra war: the Pandava side`mbh:coll-pandava-side`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#coll-pandava-side
Type	`skos:Collection`
Preferred label	enKurukshetra war: the Pandava side
Definition	Characters in this scheme who took the field for the Pandavas, and Krishna, who served as Arjuna's charioteer without fighting.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Members (24)	Abhimanyu, Arjuna, Bhima, Dhrishtadyumna, Dhrishtaketu, Drupada, Ghatotkacha, Iravan, Krishna, Nakula, Prativindhya, Sahadeva, Satyaki, Shatanika, Shikhandi, Shrutakarma, Shrutasena, Sutasoma, Uttamaujas, Uttara (prince of Matsya), Virata, Yudhamanyu, Yudhishthira, Yuyutsu

Collection Kurukshetra war: the Kaurava side`mbh:coll-kaurava-side`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#coll-kaurava-side
Type	`skos:Collection`
Preferred label	enKurukshetra war: the Kaurava side
Definition	Characters in this scheme who took the field for Duryodhana.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Members (23)	Alambusha, Ashwatthama, Bahlika, Bhagadatta, Bhishma, Bhurishravas, Drona, Durmasena, Duryodhana, Dushasana, Jayadratha, Karna, Kripa, Kritavarma, Lakshmana Kumara, Shakuni, Shalya, Somadatta, Sudakshina, Susharma, Uluka, Vikarna, Vrishasena

Collection Warriors who took no part in the war`mbh:coll-stayed-out`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#coll-stayed-out
Type	`skos:Collection`
Preferred label	enWarriors who took no part in the war
Definition	Balarama, who left on pilgrimage rather than fight his students on both sides, and Rukmi, whom both sides refused.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Members (2)	Balarama, Rukmi

Collection Survivors of the Kurukshetra war`mbh:coll-survivors`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#coll-survivors
Type	`skos:Collection`
Preferred label	enSurvivors of the Kurukshetra war
Definition	The combatants alive at the end of the eighteen days, as the Wikipedia synopsis lists them: the five Pandavas, Satyaki, Kripa, Ashwatthama, Kritavarma, Yuyutsu and Krishna.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Members (11)	Arjuna, Ashwatthama, Bhima, Kripa, Krishna, Kritavarma, Nakula, Sahadeva, Satyaki, Yudhishthira, Yuyutsu

Collection The narrative frame of the Mahabharata`mbh:coll-narrative-frame`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#coll-narrative-frame
Type	`skos:Collection`
Preferred label	enThe narrative frame of the Mahabharata
Definition	The tellers and hearers through whom the epic reaches the reader. Outer frame: the bard Ugrashravas recites to Shaunaka and the sages of the Naimisha forest. Inner frame: Vaishampayana recites to Janamejaya at the snake sacrifice. Composition: Vyasa, with Ganesha as scribe in one tradition. Within the story: Sanjaya narrates the war to Dhritarashtra.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Members (8)	Dhritarashtra, Ganesha, Janamejaya, Sanjaya, Shaunaka, Ugrashravas, Vaishampayana, Vyasa

Collection Immortals (chiranjivis) among the characters`mbh:coll-chiranjivis`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#coll-chiranjivis
Type	`skos:Collection`
Preferred label	enImmortals (chiranjivis) among the characters
Alternative labels	enChiranjivis
Definition	Characters in this scheme whom Hindu tradition counts among the seven immortals: Ashwatthama, Kripa, Vyasa, Parashurama and Hanuman.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Members (5)	Ashwatthama, Hanuman, Kripa, Parashurama, Vyasa

Collection The disguises at Virata's court`mbh:coll-virata-disguises`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#coll-virata-disguises
Type	`skos:Collection`
Preferred label	enThe disguises at Virata's court
Definition	The six who spent the thirteenth year of exile at the court of Matsya under assumed names: Yudhishthira as the courtier Kanka, Bhima as the cook Vallabha, Arjuna as the dance teacher Brihannala, Nakula as the horse keeper Granthika, Sahadeva as the cowherd Tantipala and Draupadi as the maid Sairandhri. The assumed names are alternative labels of each concept.
In scheme	`mb:characters`
Members (6)	Arjuna, Bhima, Draupadi, Nakula, Sahadeva, Yudhishthira

10. Validation

The shapes in shapes.ttl (293 triples, 10 node shapes) state what the data must satisfy, in SHACL [SHACL]. scripts/validate.py runs them with pySHACL under RDFS inference, so that sub-properties and subclasses count, then checks that every mbh: IRI used in the data is also declared. Continuous integration runs the validator on every push and fails on any violation.

pip install -r requirements.txt
python scripts/validate.py

The shapes have two layers:

Layer What is checked

SKOS integrity conditions (S9, S13, S14, S19, S27, S36, S37, S46 of the SKOS Reference) At most one prefLabel per language; prefLabel, altLabel and hiddenLabel pairwise disjoint; a concept is neither a scheme nor a collection; broader points at concepts; related is disjoint with the transitive hierarchy; an ordered collection has exactly one well-formed member list that agrees with skos:member; exactMatch is disjoint with broadMatch and relatedMatch.

Conventions of this scheme Every concept has an English preferred label and definition and is in the scheme; it is a top concept or has a broader concept, never both; a character sits under groupings only and is never a top concept; a grouping has narrower concepts and carries no character relations; relations connect characters to characters, in one direction only, symmetric ones once per pair, with no self-relations and no parent-child cycles; mapping IRIs match the Wikidata, DBpedia and Wikipedia patterns; every character has an external anchor; fellOnWarDay is an integer from 1 to 18.

10.1 The shapes

Shapes graph The shapes graph`mbsh:`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/shapes#
Type	`owl:Ontology`
Declares prefixes	`mbhx` https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema# `rdf` http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns# `rdfs` http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# `skos` http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
Shapes	`mbsh:ConceptShape`, `mbsh:CollectionShape`, `mbsh:OrderedCollectionShape`, `mbsh:SchemeShape`, `mbsh:CharacterShape`, `mbsh:GroupingShape`, `mbsh:CharacterRelationSubjectShape`, `mbsh:InverseNotMaterialisedShape`, `mbsh:SymmetricOnceShape`, `mbsh:NoSelfOrCycleShape`

Shape Concept`mbsh:ConceptShape`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/shapes#ConceptShape
Type	`sh:NodeShape`
Targets	instances of `skos:Concept`
Comment	Labels, documentation and scheme membership of every concept.
Checks	`skos:altLabel`: `sh:datatype` `rdf:langString`; `sh:languageIn` `en`, `sa-Deva`, `sa-Latn` `skos:altLabel`: `sh:disjoint` `skos:hiddenLabel` S13: an altLabel is also a hiddenLabel. `skos:broader`: `sh:class` `skos:Concept`; `sh:nodeKind` `sh:IRI` skos:broader points at a concept (S19). `skos:definition`: `sh:minCount` `1`; `sh:qualifiedMinCount` `1`; `sh:datatype` `rdf:langString`; `sh:qualifiedValueShape` [`sh:languageIn` `en`] Every concept has an English definition. `skos:exactMatch`: `sh:disjoint` `skos:broadMatch` `skos:exactMatch`: `sh:disjoint` `skos:relatedMatch` `skos:hiddenLabel`: `sh:datatype` `rdf:langString`; `sh:languageIn` `en` hiddenLabel holds English spelling variants only. `skos:inScheme`: `sh:minCount` `1`; `sh:maxCount` `1`; `sh:hasValue` `mb:characters` Every concept is in the scheme mb:characters. `skos:prefLabel`: `sh:disjoint` `skos:altLabel` S13: a prefLabel is also an altLabel. `skos:prefLabel`: `sh:disjoint` `skos:hiddenLabel` S13: a prefLabel is also a hiddenLabel. `skos:prefLabel`: `sh:languageIn` `en`, `sa-Deva`, `sa-Latn` prefLabel languages are limited to en, sa-Deva and sa-Latn. `skos:prefLabel`: `sh:minCount` `1`; `sh:datatype` `rdf:langString`; `sh:uniqueLang` `true` Every concept has language-tagged prefLabels, at most one per language (S14). `skos:prefLabel`: `sh:qualifiedMinCount` `1`; `sh:qualifiedValueShape` [`sh:languageIn` `en`] Every concept has an English prefLabel. SPARQL constraint: S27: {$this} is related to {?other}, which is also above or below it in the hierarchy. exactly one of: `skos:topConceptOf`: `sh:minCount` `1`; `sh:hasValue` `mb:characters` \| `skos:broader`: `sh:minCount` `1` not: `sh:class` `skos:Collection` not: `sh:class` `skos:ConceptScheme`

Shape Collection`mbsh:CollectionShape`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/shapes#CollectionShape
Type	`sh:NodeShape`
Targets	instances of `skos:Collection`
Checks	`skos:definition`: `sh:minCount` `1`; `sh:datatype` `rdf:langString` `skos:inScheme`: `sh:hasValue` `mb:characters` `skos:member`: `sh:minCount` `2`; `sh:class` `mbhx:Character` A collection gathers at least two characters; groupings are not collection members. `skos:prefLabel`: `sh:minCount` `1`; `sh:maxCount` `1`; `sh:datatype` `rdf:langString`; `sh:languageIn` `en` not: `sh:class` `skos:Concept`

Shape Ordered collection`mbsh:OrderedCollectionShape`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/shapes#OrderedCollectionShape
Type	`sh:NodeShape`
Targets	instances of `skos:OrderedCollection`
Checks	`skos:memberList`: `sh:minCount` `1`; `sh:maxCount` `1`; `sh:nodeKind` `sh:BlankNodeOrIRI` SPARQL constraint: Member list and skos:member of {$this} disagree. SPARQL constraint: The member list of {$this} is not a well-formed RDF list at {?node}.

Shape Scheme`mbsh:SchemeShape`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/shapes#SchemeShape
Type	`sh:NodeShape`
Targets	instances of `skos:ConceptScheme`
Checks	`skos:hasTopConcept`: `sh:minCount` `1`; `sh:class` `mbhx:Grouping` Top concepts are groupings. SPARQL constraint: hasTopConcept and topConceptOf disagree for {?c}.

Shape Character`mbsh:CharacterShape`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/shapes#CharacterShape
Type	`sh:NodeShape`
Targets	instances of `mbhx:Character`
Checks	`mbhx:fellOnWarDay`: `sh:maxCount` `1`; `sh:datatype` `xsd:integer`; `sh:minInclusive` `1`; `sh:maxInclusive` `18` `skos:broader`: `sh:minCount` `1`; `sh:class` `mbhx:Grouping` A character sits under at least one grouping and never under another character. `skos:closeMatch`: `sh:nodeKind` `sh:IRI`; `sh:pattern` `^http://(www\.wikidata\.org/entity/Q[0-9]+\|dbpedia\.org/resource/.+)$` `skos:exactMatch`: `sh:nodeKind` `sh:IRI`; `sh:pattern` `^http://(www\.wikidata\.org/entity/Q[0-9]+\|dbpedia\.org/resource/.+)$` exactMatch targets are Wikidata items or DBpedia resources. `skos:topConceptOf`: `sh:maxCount` `0` A character is never a top concept. `foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf`: `sh:maxCount` `1`; `sh:nodeKind` `sh:IRI`; `sh:pattern` `^https://en\.wikipedia\.org/wiki/.+$` at least one of: `skos:exactMatch`: `sh:minCount` `1` \| `skos:closeMatch`: `sh:minCount` `1` \| `rdfs:seeAlso`: `sh:minCount` `1` not: `sh:class` `mbhx:Grouping`

Shape Grouping`mbsh:GroupingShape`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/shapes#GroupingShape
Type	`sh:NodeShape`
Targets	instances of `mbhx:Grouping`
Checks	`mbhx:characterRelation`: `sh:maxCount` `0` Character relations never attach to a grouping. `skos:broader`: `sh:class` `mbhx:Grouping` A grouping is only ever under another grouping. ^`skos:broader`: `sh:minCount` `1` Every grouping has at least one narrower concept; an empty grouping is a leftover. not: `sh:class` `mbhx:Character`

Shape Character relation subject`mbsh:CharacterRelationSubjectShape`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/shapes#CharacterRelationSubjectShape
Type	`sh:NodeShape`
Targets	subjects of `mbhx:characterRelation`
Checks	`mbhx:characterRelation`: `sh:class` `mbhx:Character`; `sh:nodeKind` `sh:IRI` The object of a character relation is a character. the focus node is a `mbhx:Character`

Shape Inverse not materialised`mbsh:InverseNotMaterialisedShape`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/shapes#InverseNotMaterialisedShape
Type	`sh:NodeShape`
Targets	subjects of `mbhx:characterRelation`
Checks	`mbhx:cursedBy`: `sh:maxCount` `0` State cursed on the one who curses. `mbhx:fosterParentOf`: `sh:maxCount` `0` State fosterChildOf on the child. `mbhx:hasAvatar`: `sh:maxCount` `0` State avatarOf on the avatar. `mbhx:hasCharioteer`: `sh:maxCount` `0` State charioteerOf on the charioteer. `mbhx:killed`: `sh:maxCount` `0` State killedBy on the one killed. `mbhx:parentOf`: `sh:maxCount` `0` State childOf on the child, not parentOf. `mbhx:rebornAs`: `sh:maxCount` `0` State rebirthOf on the later birth. `mbhx:teacherOf`: `sh:maxCount` `0` State studentOf on the student.

Shape Symmetric once`mbsh:SymmetricOnceShape`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/shapes#SymmetricOnceShape
Type	`sh:NodeShape`
Targets	subjects of `mbhx:friendOf`, `mbhx:rivalOf`, `mbhx:siblingOf`, `mbhx:spouseOf`
Checks	SPARQL constraint: {$this} and {?o} state {?p} in both directions; state it once.

Shape No self or cycle`mbsh:NoSelfOrCycleShape`§

IRI	https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/shapes#NoSelfOrCycleShape
Type	`sh:NodeShape`
Targets	subjects of `mbhx:characterRelation`
Checks	SPARQL constraint: {$this} and {?o} are each other's child. SPARQL constraint: {$this} is related to itself by {?p}.

11. Access and use

The scheme is one RDF 1.1 Turtle file, mahabharata_characters.ttl (2,569 triples); the shapes are shapes.ttl. Both are served beside this page and declared as rel="alternate" links in its head. The site does not negotiate content: a request for a namespace IRI returns HTML, and the Turtle is fetched from these two addresses. The repository's scripts/export.py writes RDF/XML, JSON-LD and N-Triples copies for tools that want them.

The file is plain Turtle, so it opens in Protégé, TopBraid Composer, Skosmos (through a SPARQL endpoint such as Fuseki) and any RDF library. With Apache Jena, riot --validate mahabharata_characters.ttl checks the syntax and arq --data=mahabharata_characters.ttl --query=q.rq runs a query. With rdflib:

from rdflib import Graph, Namespace
from rdflib.collection import Collection
from rdflib.namespace import SKOS

g = Graph().parse("https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/mahabharata_characters.ttl")
MBH = Namespace("https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/characters#")
MBHX = Namespace("https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/schema#")

def label(node, lang="en"):
    return next(str(l) for l in g.objects(node, SKOS.prefLabel) if l.language == lang)

# Relations are stated in one direction: killedBy on the one who was killed.
print(sorted(label(c) for c in g.subjects(MBHX.killedBy, MBH.bhima)))

# Walk up the hierarchy.
print([label(b) for b in g.transitive_objects(MBH.draupadi, SKOS.broader) if b != MBH.draupadi])

# Read an ordered collection in order.
head = g.value(MBH["coll-kaurava-commanders"], SKOS.memberList)
print([label(m) for m in Collection(g, head)])

11.1 Queries

Each query was run against the data with rdflib when this page was generated, and the result shown is what it returned. The queries are SPARQL 1.1 [SPARQL11-QUERY] with the prefixes of Namespaces. None needs inference: where the inverse of a relation is wanted, the query uses an inverse property path.

1. Who did Arjuna kill, and on which day of the war?

mbhx:killedBy is stated on the one who was killed, so Arjuna is the object.

SELECT ?name ?day WHERE {
  ?c mbhx:killedBy mbh:arjuna ;
     skos:prefLabel ?name .
  OPTIONAL { ?c mbhx:fellOnWarDay ?day }
  FILTER(lang(?name) = "en")
} ORDER BY ?day ?name

name	day
Bhishma	10
Bhagadatta	12
Jayadratha	14
Sudakshina	14
Karna	17
Vrishasena	17
Susharma	18

2. Who did Bhima kill? (the other direction)

The inverse mbhx:killed is declared in the schema but not written out in the data. Without an inference step, use the inverse property path ^mbhx:killedBy.

SELECT ?name WHERE {
  mbh:bhima ^mbhx:killedBy ?c .
  ?c skos:prefLabel ?name .
  FILTER(lang(?name) = "en")
} ORDER BY ?name

10 results: Bahlika, Bakasura, Duryodhana, Dushasana, Hidimba, Jarasandha, Jatasura, Kichaka, Kirmira, Vikarna.

3. Descendants of Shantanu, by stated parentage

A property path over mbhx:childOf walks the family tree. Fatherhood by niyoga and divine fathering are both recorded as childOf, so the Pandavas appear through Pandu.

SELECT ?name WHERE {
  ?c mbhx:childOf+ mbh:shantanu ;
     skos:prefLabel ?name .
  FILTER(lang(?name) = "en")
} ORDER BY ?name

29 results: Abhimanyu, Arjuna, Babruvahana, Bhima, Bhishma, Chitrangada (son of Shantanu), Dhritarashtra, Durmasena, Duryodhana, Dushasana, Dussala, Ghatotkacha, Iravan, Janamejaya, Lakshmana Kumara, Nakula, Pandu, Parikshit, Prativindhya, Sahadeva, Shatanika, Shrutakarma, Shrutasena, Sutasoma, Vichitravirya, Vidura, Vikarna, Yudhishthira, Yuyutsu.

4. Who fell on day 14, and to whom?

Day 14 ends with the night battle, so it is the day with most recorded deaths.

SELECT ?fallen ?killer WHERE {
  ?c mbhx:fellOnWarDay 14 ;
     skos:prefLabel ?fallen .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?c mbhx:killedBy ?k .
    ?k skos:prefLabel ?killer .
    FILTER(lang(?killer) = "en")
  }
  FILTER(lang(?fallen) = "en")
} ORDER BY ?fallen

fallen	killer
Alambusha	Ghatotkacha
Bahlika	Bhima
Bhurishravas	Satyaki
Durmasena
Ghatotkacha	Karna
Jayadratha	Arjuna
Somadatta	Satyaki
Sudakshina	Arjuna
Vikarna	Bhima

5. Find a character from any spelling

Hidden labels hold common English spellings, so a search can match on any label property.

SELECT ?concept ?preferred WHERE {
  ?concept (skos:prefLabel|skos:altLabel|skos:hiddenLabel) "Bheem"@en ;
           skos:prefLabel ?preferred .
  FILTER(lang(?preferred) = "en")
}

concept	preferred
`mbh:bhima`	Bhima

6. How many characters sit under each grouping of the House of Kuru?

skos:broader* from a grouping up to the top concept selects every grouping of the branch; the count is of characters placed directly under each one, so the Upapandavas are counted under their own grouping and not under Children of the Pandavas.

SELECT ?grouping (COUNT(DISTINCT ?c) AS ?characters) WHERE {
  ?c a mbhx:Character ;
     skos:broader ?g .
  ?g skos:broader* mbh:house-of-kuru ;
     skos:prefLabel ?grouping .
  FILTER(lang(?grouping) = "en")
} GROUP BY ?grouping ORDER BY ?grouping

grouping	characters
Children of the Kauravas	2
Children of the Pandavas	4
Consorts of the Pandavas	5
House of Kuru: generation of Pandu	6
House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu	8
House of Kuru: kings after the war	2
Kauravas	5
Pandavas	5
Upapandavas	5

7. Characters placed under more than one grouping

The hierarchy is a polyhierarchy: a character belongs to the house of birth and to the house or role acquired by marriage, adoption or incarnation.

SELECT ?name (GROUP_CONCAT(?g; separator=" · ") AS ?groupings) WHERE {
  ?c a mbhx:Character ;
     skos:prefLabel ?name ;
     skos:broader ?gr .
  ?gr skos:prefLabel ?g .
  FILTER(lang(?name) = "en" && lang(?g) = "en")
} GROUP BY ?name HAVING (COUNT(?gr) > 1) ORDER BY ?name

name	groupings
Ambalika	House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu · Royal house of Kashi
Ambika	House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu · Royal house of Kashi
Babruvahana	Children of the Pandavas · Royal house of Manipura
Bahlika	House of Kuru: generation of Shantanu · Royal house of Bahlika
Chitrangada (princess of Manipura)	Consorts of the Pandavas · Royal house of Manipura
Draupadi	Consorts of the Pandavas · Royal house of Panchala
Gandhari	House of Kuru: generation of Pandu · Royal house of Gandhara
Ghatotkacha	Children of the Pandavas · Rakshasas
Hidimbi	Consorts of the Pandavas · Rakshasas
Karna	Royal house of Anga · Sutas
Krishna	Yadavas · Deities and celestial beings
Kunti	House of Kuru: generation of Pandu · Yadavas
Madri	House of Kuru: generation of Pandu · Royal house of Madra
Subhadra	Consorts of the Pandavas · Yadavas
Ulupi	Consorts of the Pandavas · Nagas

8. Teachers and their students

mbhx:studentOf is stated on the student.

SELECT ?teacher (GROUP_CONCAT(?student; separator=", ") AS ?students) WHERE {
  ?s mbhx:studentOf ?t .
  ?t skos:prefLabel ?teacher .
  ?s skos:prefLabel ?student .
  FILTER(lang(?teacher) = "en" && lang(?student) = "en")
} GROUP BY ?teacher ORDER BY ?teacher

teacher	students
Arjuna	Satyaki
Balarama	Bhima, Duryodhana
Bhishma	Yudhishthira
Drona	Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula, Sahadeva, Duryodhana, Dushasana, Karna, Ashwatthama
Durvasa	Kunti
Kripa	Parikshit
Parashurama	Bhishma, Karna, Drona
Vyasa	Vaishampayana

9. Who cursed whom

mbhx:cursed is one of the narrative relations; the curses drive several turns of the plot.

SELECT ?who ?whom WHERE {
  ?a mbhx:cursed ?b .
  ?a skos:prefLabel ?who .
  ?b skos:prefLabel ?whom .
  FILTER(lang(?who) = "en" && lang(?whom) = "en")
} ORDER BY ?who

who	whom
Gandhari	Krishna
Krishna	Ashwatthama
Parashurama	Karna
Urvashi	Arjuna

10. Wikidata identifiers for the Pandavas

Every character with a Wikipedia article carries skos:exactMatch to its Wikidata item and DBpedia resource; filter on the namespace to pick one.

SELECT ?name ?wikidata WHERE {
  ?c skos:broader mbh:pandavas ;
     skos:prefLabel ?name ;
     skos:exactMatch ?wikidata .
  FILTER(lang(?name) = "en" && STRSTARTS(STR(?wikidata), "http://www.wikidata.org/"))
} ORDER BY ?name

name	wikidata
Arjuna	wd:Q185790
Bhima	wd:Q3651886
Nakula	wd:Q1978476
Sahadeva	wd:Q2044641
Yudhishthira	wd:Q983067

12. Sources, licence and citation

Sources. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_characters_in_the_Mahabharata, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahabharata on English Wikipedia [WIKIPEDIA] [WIKIPEDIA-LIST], the character articles linked from them, and Wikidata [WIKIDATA] for identifiers. The descriptions paraphrase the English Wikipedia article Mahabharata and the character articles it links to, which are published under CC BY-SA 4.0. Wikidata identifiers were resolved through the Wikipedia API on 2026-11-08.

Licence. The concept scheme, the shapes and this document are released under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International. The descriptions paraphrase English Wikipedia, whose text is published under CC BY-SA 4.0, so the same licence applies here. The scripts that generate this document are released under the MIT License. When you reuse the data, credit Characters of the Mahabharata: a SKOS concept scheme and Wikipedia, and link to the licence.

Citation. Author: Tanay Aggarwal. Cite the scheme as:

Aggarwal, Tanay. Characters of the Mahabharata: a SKOS concept scheme, version 1.0.0. RDF Turtle dataset, 2026. CC BY-SA 4.0. https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/

@misc{aggarwal2026mahabharata,
  author  = {Aggarwal, Tanay},
  title   = {Characters of the {Mahabharata}: a {SKOS} concept scheme},
  year    = {2026},
  version = {1.0.0},
  url     = {https://mahabharata.tanay.uk/},
  note    = {RDF Turtle dataset, CC BY-SA 4.0}
}

A. References

[SKOS-REFERENCE]: SKOS Simple Knowledge Organization System Reference. Alistair Miles, Sean Bechhofer. W3C Recommendation, 18 August 2009. https://www.w3.org/TR/skos-reference/
[SKOS-PRIMER]: SKOS Simple Knowledge Organization System Primer. Antoine Isaac, Ed Summers. W3C Working Group Note, 18 August 2009. https://www.w3.org/TR/skos-primer/
[SHACL]: Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL). Holger Knublauch, Dimitris Kontokostas. W3C Recommendation, 20 July 2017. https://www.w3.org/TR/shacl/
[TURTLE]: RDF 1.1 Turtle. Eric Prud'hommeaux, Gavin Carothers. W3C Recommendation, 25 February 2014. https://www.w3.org/TR/turtle/
[RDF11-CONCEPTS]: RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax. Richard Cyganiak, David Wood, Markus Lanthaler. W3C Recommendation, 25 February 2014. https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-concepts/
[RDF-SCHEMA]: RDF Schema 1.1. Dan Brickley, R.V. Guha. W3C Recommendation, 25 February 2014. https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/
[OWL2-OVERVIEW]: OWL 2 Web Ontology Language Document Overview (Second Edition). W3C OWL Working Group. W3C Recommendation, 11 December 2012. https://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-overview/
[XMLSCHEMA11-2]: W3C XML Schema Definition Language (XSD) 1.1 Part 2: Datatypes. David Peterson et al. W3C Recommendation, 5 April 2012. https://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema11-2/
[SPARQL11-QUERY]: SPARQL 1.1 Query Language. Steve Harris, Andy Seaborne. W3C Recommendation, 21 March 2013. https://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-query/
[DCTERMS]: DCMI Metadata Terms. Dublin Core Metadata Initiative, 20 January 2020. https://www.dublincore.org/specifications/dublin-core/dcmi-terms/
[FOAF]: FOAF Vocabulary Specification 0.99. Dan Brickley, Libby Miller, 14 January 2014. http://xmlns.com/foaf/spec/
[BCP47]: Tags for Identifying Languages. Addison Phillips, Mark Davis. IETF BCP 47, September 2009. https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp47
[PROV-O]: PROV-O: The PROV Ontology. Timothy Lebo, Satya Sahoo, Deborah McGuinness. W3C Recommendation, 30 April 2013. The layout of this document follows it. https://www.w3.org/TR/prov-o/
[WIKIPEDIA]: Mahabharata. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. CC BY-SA 4.0. The source of the content of the scheme, together with the character articles it links to. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahabharata
[WIKIPEDIA-LIST]: List of characters in the Mahabharata. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_characters_in_the_Mahabharata
[WIKIDATA]: Wikidata. Wikimedia Foundation. Identifiers were resolved through the Wikipedia API. https://www.wikidata.org/
[DBPEDIA]: DBpedia. DBpedia Association. https://www.dbpedia.org/

B. Changes

Version 1.0.0, created 8 November 2026; the data was last modified on 9 November 2026. This is the first release. The version is carried in the data as owl:versionInfo on mb:characters and mb:schema; the full history is in CHANGELOG.md.

Characters of the Mahabharata

Specification of version 1.0.0, 9 November 2026

Abstract

Status of this document

1. Introduction

1.1 Scope and sources

1.2 Namespaces

1.3 How to read this document

2. The scheme at a glance

2.1 Classes

2.2 Properties

2.3 Labels

2.4 Vocabulary used

2.5 Counts

3. The hierarchy

4. Collections

5. The concept scheme

Scheme Characters of the Mahabharatamb:characters§

6. Cross-reference for the schema

Ontology Characters of the Mahabharata: SKOS extension schemamb:schema§

6.1 Classes

Class Charactermbhx:Character§

Class Groupingmbhx:Grouping§

6.2 Properties

Datatype property fell on war daymbhx:fellOnWarDay§

Object property character relationmbhx:characterRelation§

Object property child ofmbhx:childOf§

Object property parent ofmbhx:parentOf§

Object property foster child ofmbhx:fosterChildOf§

Object property foster parent ofmbhx:fosterParentOf§

Object property spouse ofmbhx:spouseOf§

Object property sibling ofmbhx:siblingOf§

Object property student ofmbhx:studentOf§

Object property teacher ofmbhx:teacherOf§

Object property killed bymbhx:killedBy§

Object property killedmbhx:killed§

Object property charioteer ofmbhx:charioteerOf§

Object property has charioteermbhx:hasCharioteer§

Object property rebirth ofmbhx:rebirthOf§

Object property reborn asmbhx:rebornAs§

Object property avatar ofmbhx:avatarOf§

Object property has avatarmbhx:hasAvatar§

Object property friend ofmbhx:friendOf§

Object property rival ofmbhx:rivalOf§

Object property cursedmbhx:cursed§

Object property cursed bymbhx:cursedBy§